Hamsa

The hamsa (Arabic: خمسة, romanized: khamsa, lit. 'five', referring to images of 'the five fingers of the hand'),^[1]^[2]^[3] also known as the hand of Fatima,^[4] is a palm-shaped amulet popular throughout North Africa and in the Middle East and commonly used in jewellery and wall hangings.^[5]^[6] Depicting the open hand, an image recognized and used as a sign of protection in many times throughout history, the hamsa has been traditionally believed to provide defense against the evil eye.

^ Zenner, 1988, p. 284.
^ World Institute for Advanced Phenomenological Research and Learning (Belmont, Estados Unidos), 1991, p. 219.
^ Drazin, 2009, p. 268.
^ González-Wippler, Migene (1991). The Complete Book of Amulets & Talismans. St. Paul, MN: Llewellyn Publications. p. 173. ISBN 978-0-87542-287-9.
^ Bernasek et al., 2008, p. 12.
^ Sonbol, 2005, pp. 355–359.

[Zennerp284-1] Zenner, 1988, p. 284.

[WI-2] World Institute for Advanced Phenomenological Research and Learning (Belmont, Estados Unidos), 1991, p. 219.

[Drazinp268-3] Drazin, 2009, p. 268.

[González-Wippler1991-4] González-Wippler, Migene (1991). The Complete Book of Amulets & Talismans. St. Paul, MN: Llewellyn Publications. p. 173. ISBN 978-0-87542-287-9.

[Bernasekp12-5] Bernasek et al., 2008, p. 12.

[Sonbolp355-6] Sonbol, 2005, pp. 355–359.

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