Havana
La Habana | |
---|---|
From the top to the left: Línea Street; Barrio chino; Malecón; Palacio de la Revolución; and Castillo del Morro | |
| |
Nickname: City of Columns[1] | |
Coordinates: 23°08′12″N 82°21′32″W / 23.13667°N 82.35889°W | |
Country | ![]() |
Metro Zone | Greater Havana |
Established | 16 November 1519 (current place) |
Municipalities | 15 |
Government | |
• Body | Gobierno Provincial de La Habana |
• Governor | Reynaldo García Zapata (PCC) |
Area | |
• Capital city | 728.26 km2 (281.18 sq mi) |
Elevation | 59 m (195 ft) |
Population (2023) | |
• Capital city | 1,814,207 [2] |
• Rank | 7th in North America 1st in Cuba |
• Density | 2,491/km2 (6,450/sq mi) |
• Urban | 100 % |
Demonym | Habaneros-habaneras |
GDP (PPP, constant 2015 values) | |
• Year | 2023 |
• Total | $41.1 billion[3] |
• Per capita | $19,100 |
Time zone | UTC−5 (UTC−05:00) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (UTC−04:00) |
Patron saint | San Cristóbal |
HDI (2019) | 0.834[4] – very high |
Website | www |
Official name | Old Havana and its Fortification System |
Type | Cultural |
Criteria | iv, v |
Designated | 1982 (6th session) |
Reference no. | 204 |
Region | Latin America and the Caribbean |
Havana (/həˈvænə/; Spanish: La Habana [la aˈβana] )[5] is the capital and largest city of Cuba. The heart of the La Habana Province, Havana is the country's main port and commercial center.[6] It is the most populous city, the largest by area, and the second largest metropolitan area in the Caribbean region. The population in 2012 was 2,154,454 inhabitants,[7][6] and its area is 728.26 km2 (281.18 sq mi)[2] for the capital city side and 8,475.57 km2 for the metropolitan zone.[7][8]
Havana was founded by the Spanish in the 16th century. It served as a springboard for the Spanish conquest of the Americas, becoming a stopping point for Spanish galleons returning to Spain. Philip II of Spain granted Havana the title of capital in 1607.[9] Walls and forts were built to protect the city.[10] The city is the seat of the Cuban government and various ministries, and headquarters of businesses and over 100 diplomatic offices.[11] The governor is Reinaldo García Zapata of the Communist Party of Cuba (PCC).[12][13] In 2009, the city/province had the third-highest income in the country.[14]
Contemporary Havana can essentially be described as three cities in one: Old Havana, Vedado and the newer suburban districts.[15] The city extends mostly westward and southward from the bay, which is entered through a narrow inlet and which divides into three main harbors: Marimelena, Guanabacoa and Antares. The Almendares River traverses the city from south to north, entering the Straits of Florida a few miles west of the bay.[16]
The city attracts over a million tourists annually;[17] (1,176,627 international tourists in 2010,[17] a 20% increase from 2005). Old Havana was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1982.[18] The city is also noted for its history, culture, architecture and monuments.[19] As typical of Cuba, Havana experiences a tropical climate.[20]
capital of Spanish Cuba in 1552
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