Heliobacteria

Heliobacteria
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Bacillota
Class:	Clostridia
Order:	Eubacteriales
Family:	Heliobacteriaceae; Madigan & Asao 2010
Genera
	Heliobacillus; Heliobacterium; "Ca. Helioclostridium"; Heliomicrobium; "Ca. Heliomonas"; Heliophilum; Heliorestis;

Heliobacteria are a unique subset of prokaryotic bacteria that process light for energy. Distinguishable from other phototrophic bacteria, they utilize a unique photosynthetic pigment, bacteriochlorophyll g and are the only known Gram-positive phototroph.^[2] They are a key player in symbiotic nitrogen fixation alongside plants, and use a type I reaction center like green-sulfur bacteria.^[3]^[4]

RNA trees place the heliobacteria among the Bacillota.^[5] They have no outer membrane and like certain other Bacillota (Clostridia), they form heat-resistant endospores, which contain high levels of calcium and dipicolinic acid. Heliobacteria are the only Bacillota known to be phototrophic.

^ [Madigan M T, Martinko J M, Dunlap P V, Clark D P. (2009). Brock Biology of Microorganisms 12th edition, p. 453-454].
^ Sattley, W. Matthew; Swingley, Wesley D. (2013-01-01). "Properties and Evolutionary Implications of the Heliobacterial Genome". Advances in Botanical Research. 66: 67–97. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-397923-0.00003-5. ISBN 9780123979230. ISSN 0065-2296.
^ Jagannathan, B.; Golbeck, J.H. (2013-01-01). "FX, FA, and FB Iron–Sulfur Clusters in Type I Photosynthetic Reaction Centers". Encyclopedia of Biological Chemistry. pp. 335–342. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-378630-2.00184-5. ISBN 9780123786319.
^ Jagannathan, B.; Golbeck, J.H. (2009-01-01). "Photosynthesis: Microbial". Encyclopedia of Microbiology. pp. 325–341. doi:10.1016/B978-012373944-5.00352-7. ISBN 9780123739445.
^ Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[test-1] [Madigan M T, Martinko J M, Dunlap P V, Clark D P. (2009). Brock Biology of Microorganisms 12th edition, p. 453-454].

[2] Sattley, W. Matthew; Swingley, Wesley D. (2013-01-01). "Properties and Evolutionary Implications of the Heliobacterial Genome". Advances in Botanical Research. 66: 67–97. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-397923-0.00003-5. ISBN 9780123979230. ISSN 0065-2296.

[3] Jagannathan, B.; Golbeck, J.H. (2013-01-01). "FX, FA, and FB Iron–Sulfur Clusters in Type I Photosynthetic Reaction Centers". Encyclopedia of Biological Chemistry. pp. 335–342. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-378630-2.00184-5. ISBN 9780123786319.

[4] Jagannathan, B.; Golbeck, J.H. (2009-01-01). "Photosynthesis: Microbial". Encyclopedia of Microbiology. pp. 325–341. doi:10.1016/B978-012373944-5.00352-7. ISBN 9780123739445.

[:0-5] Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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