Himiko

Himiko
Himiko
Queen of Yamataikoku
Reign	c. 180 AD–247/248 AD; (c. 67 years);
Successor	Unknown king, and then Queen Toyo
Born	c. 170 AD; Yamatai, Japan
Died	247/248 AD (aged c. 78)
Burial	Thought to be Hashihaka Kofun near Nara (Japan)

Himiko (卑弥呼, c. 170–247/248 AD), also known as Shingi Waō (親魏倭王, "Ruler of Wa, Friend of Wei"),^[3]^[a]^[b] was a shamaness-queen of Yamatai-koku in Wakoku (倭国). Early Chinese dynastic histories chronicle tributary relations between Queen Himiko and the Cao Wei Kingdom (220–265) and record that the Yayoi period people chose her as ruler following decades of warfare among the kings of Wa. Early Japanese histories do not mention Himiko, but historians associate her with legendary figures such as Empress Consort Jingū, who is said to have served as regent from 201 to 269.^[6]

Scholarly debates over the identity of Himiko and the location of her domain, Yamatai, have raged since the late Edo period, with opinions divided between northern Kyūshū or traditional Yamato Province in present-day Kinki. The "Yamatai controversy", writes Keiji Imamura, is "the greatest debate over the ancient history of Japan."^[7] A prevailing view among scholars is that she may be buried at Hashihaka Kofun in Nara Prefecture.^[8]

^ Association of the Buddha Jayanti (1959). Japan and Buddhism. Tokyo News Service. p. 23. from about 180 A.D. to 247 or 248 A.D. a large part of Japan was ruled by the charismatic or shamanistic Queen Himiko
^ The Rise of a Great Tradition: Japanese Archaeological Ceramics from the Jōmon Through Heian Periods (10,500 BC-AD 1185). Agency for Cultural Affairs, Government of Japan. 1990. p. 45. ISBN 978-0-913304-30-3. According to the Chinese account, Himiko died in AD 247 or 248.
^ 研究社新和英大辞典 [Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary] (in Japanese). Kenkyūsha.
^ Schuessler, Axel. (2009). Minimal Old Chinese and Later Han Chinese. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i (2009). p. 322, 291, 221, 80
^ Bentley, John. "The Search for the Language of Yamatai" in Japanese Language and Literature (42.1), p. 10 of pp. 1-43.
^ Brownlee, John S. (2011). Japanese Historians and the National Myths, 1600-1945: The Age of the Gods and Emperor Jinmu. UBC Press. p. 111. ISBN 9780774842549.
^ Imamura 1996, p. 188.
^ Shillony, Ben-Ami (2008-10-15). The Emperors of Modern Japan. BRILL. p. 15. ISBN 978-90-474-4225-7.

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[1] Association of the Buddha Jayanti (1959). Japan and Buddhism. Tokyo News Service. p. 23. from about 180 A.D. to 247 or 248 A.D. a large part of Japan was ruled by the charismatic or shamanistic Queen Himiko

[2] The Rise of a Great Tradition: Japanese Archaeological Ceramics from the Jōmon Through Heian Periods (10,500 BC-AD 1185). Agency for Cultural Affairs, Government of Japan. 1990. p. 45. ISBN 978-0-913304-30-3. According to the Chinese account, Himiko died in AD 247 or 248.

[3] 研究社新和英大辞典 [Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary] (in Japanese). Kenkyūsha.

[4] Schuessler, Axel. (2009). Minimal Old Chinese and Later Han Chinese. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i (2009). p. 322, 291, 221, 80

[5] Bentley, John. "The Search for the Language of Yamatai" in Japanese Language and Literature (42.1), p. 10 of pp. 1-43.

[8] Brownlee, John S. (2011). Japanese Historians and the National Myths, 1600-1945: The Age of the Gods and Emperor Jinmu. UBC Press. p. 111. ISBN 9780774842549.

[FOOTNOTEImamura1996188-9] Imamura 1996, p. 188.

[10] Shillony, Ben-Ami (2008-10-15). The Emperors of Modern Japan. BRILL. p. 15. ISBN 978-90-474-4225-7.

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Himiko
Queen of Yamataikoku
Reign	c. 180 AD–247/248 AD ^[1] (c. 67 years)
Successor	Unknown king, and then Queen Toyo

Born	c. 170 AD Yamatai, Japan
Died	247/248 AD^[2] (aged c. 78)
Burial	Thought to be Hashihaka Kofun near Nara (Japan)