Russo-Turkish wars | |||||||
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Left to right from the top: Siege of Ochakov, Siege of Izmail, Siege of Sevastopol, Siege of Plevna, Battle of Sarikamish, Erzurum Offensive | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Tsardom of Russia (1568–1721) Russian Empire (1721–1917) Russian Republic (1917) Russian SFSR (1917–1918) Supported by: Habsburg Monarchy (1735–1739) (1787–1792) Hellenic Republic (1828–1829) Greece (1853–1854) Romania (1877–1878) Serbia (1877–1878) Montenegro (1877–1878) Entente Powers (1914–1918) United Kingdom (1914–1918) France (1914–1918) Armenia (1918) Romania (1916–1918) Greece (1917–1918) |
Ottoman Empire and vassal states
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Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Ivan the Terrible Peter the Great Burkhard Münnich Peter Lacy Catherine II Grigory Potemkin Fyodor Ushakov Alexander I Nicholas I # Alexander II X Dmitry Milyutin Nicholas II Nikolai Yudenich Alexander Kerensky Vladimir Lenin |
Selim II Kara Mustafa Pasha Ivaz Mehmed Pasha Mustafa III Abdul Hamid I Selim III Mustafa IV Mahmud II Abdulmejid I Omar Pasha Abdul Hamid II Osman Nuri Pasha Mehmed Ali Pasha † Enver Pasha † Mustafa Kemal Pasha | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
1676–1681: 8,720 |
1676–1681: 20,000 |
Russo-Turkish wars (Russian: Русско-турецкие войны, romanized: Russko-turetskiye voyny) or Russo-Ottoman wars (Turkish: Osmanlı-Rus savaşları) were a series of twelve wars fought between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire between the 16th and 20th centuries. It was one of the longest series of military conflicts in European history.[3] Except for the war of 1710–11, as well as the Crimean War which is often treated as a separate event, the conflicts ended disastrously for the Ottoman Empire, which was undergoing a long period of stagnation and decline; conversely, they showcased the ascendancy of Russia as a European power after the modernization efforts of Peter the Great in the early 18th century.[4][5][6]
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