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 Cover of WSPU's The Suffragette, 25 April 1913 | |
| Gender Inequality Index[1] | |
|---|---|
| Value | 0.098 (2021) |
| Rank | 27th out of 191 |
| Global Gender Gap Index[2] | |
| Value | 0.775 (2021) |
| Rank | 23rd |
| Part of a series on |
| Women in society |
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History of women in the United Kingdom covers the social, cultural, legal and political roles of women in Britain over the last 600 years and more. Women's roles have transformed from being tightly confined to domestic spheres to becoming active participants in all facets of society, driven by social movements, economic changes, and legislative reforms.
In terms of public culture, five centuries ago women played limited roles in religious practices and cultural patronage, particularly among the nobility. The Victorian Era uplifted the "ideal woman" as a moral guardian of the home. Literature and art often reinforced these stereotypes. The sexual revolution of the 1960s challenged traditional norms, with women gaining more freedom in fashion, relationships, and self-expression.
Legal roles expanded dramatically :At first women had limited legal rights but could own property as widows or freeholders. The law subordinated them to male relatives or feudal lords. By the 1880s new laws allowed married women to own property independently for the first time. More recently, Landmark legislation like the Equal Pay Act (1970) and Sex Discrimination Act (1975) advanced women's legal equal rights in employment and education.
In terms of politics, at first women were excluded from formal politics, apart from a reigning queen. Women gained the right to vote in 1918 to 1928. They had a very small role in Parliament until Margaret Thatcher became prime minister in 1979. Since then their political participation has increased significantly in all sectors.
- ^ "Human Development Report 2021/2022" (PDF). HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORTS. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
- ^ "The Global Gender Gap Report 2021" (PDF). World Economic Forum. pp. 10–11. Retrieved 23 November 2021.
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