Homology directed repair

Homology-directed repair (HDR) is a mechanism in cells to repair double-strand DNA lesions.^[1] The most common form of HDR is homologous recombination. The HDR mechanism can only be used by the cell when there is a homologous piece of DNA present in the nucleus, mostly in G2 and S phase of the cell cycle. Other examples of homology-directed repair include single-strand annealing and breakage-induced replication. When the homologous DNA is absent, another process called non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) takes place instead.^[2]^[3]

^ Malzahn, Aimee; Lowder, Levi; Qi, Yiping (2017-04-24). "Plant genome editing with TALEN and CRISPR". Cell & Bioscience. 7 (1): 21. doi:10.1186/s13578-017-0148-4. ISSN 2045-3701. PMC 5404292. PMID 28451378.
^ Pardo, B; Gomez-Gonzales, B; Aguilera, A (March 2009). "DNA repair in mammalian cells: DNA double-strand break repair: how to fix a broken relationship". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 66 (6): 1039–1056. doi:10.1007/s00018-009-8740-3. PMC 11131446. PMID 19153654.
^ Bolderson, Emma; Richard, Derek J.; Zhou, Bin-Bing S. (2009). "Recent Advances in Cancer Therapy Targeting Proteins Involved in DNA Double-Strand Break Repair". Clinical Cancer Research. 15 (20): 6314–6320. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-0096. PMID 19808869. S2CID 14249728.

[1] Malzahn, Aimee; Lowder, Levi; Qi, Yiping (2017-04-24). "Plant genome editing with TALEN and CRISPR". Cell & Bioscience. 7 (1): 21. doi:10.1186/s13578-017-0148-4. ISSN 2045-3701. PMC 5404292. PMID 28451378.

[Pardo-2] Pardo, B; Gomez-Gonzales, B; Aguilera, A (March 2009). "DNA repair in mammalian cells: DNA double-strand break repair: how to fix a broken relationship". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 66 (6): 1039–1056. doi:10.1007/s00018-009-8740-3. PMC 11131446. PMID 19153654.

[Bolderson-3] Bolderson, Emma; Richard, Derek J.; Zhou, Bin-Bing S. (2009). "Recent Advances in Cancer Therapy Targeting Proteins Involved in DNA Double-Strand Break Repair". Clinical Cancer Research. 15 (20): 6314–6320. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-0096. PMID 19808869. S2CID 14249728.

[1]

[2]

[3]