Iazychie

Iazychie (Ukrainian: Язичіє, romanized: Yazychiie; Rusyn: Язычіє, romanized: Yazŷchiie) was an artificial literary East Slavic language used in the 19th century and the early 20th century in Halychyna, Bukovina, and Zakarpattia in publishing, particularly by Ukrainian and Carpatho-Rusyn Russophiles (Moskvophiles).^[1]^[2] It was an unsystematic combination of Russian with the lexical, phonetic and grammatical elements of vernacular Ukrainian and Rusyn, Church Slavonic, Ruthenian, Polish, and Old Slavic.^[1]^[2]

The term was introduced by Ukrainophiles, who used it pejoratively.^[3] Nikolay Chernyshevsky called "Iazychie" a mutilation of the language and sharply condemned it.^[1] Ivan Franko and other representatives of the contemporary territories of today's Western Ukraine's progressive intelligentsia also opposed "Iazychie".^[1] The proponents of the language themselves called it the "traditional Carpatho-Rusyn language".^[4] Russophiles saw it as a tool against Polish influence and a transition to Russian literary language, considering local dialects to be a "speech of swineherds and shepherds".^[5]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Zhovtobryukh, M.A. Iazychie. Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia.
^ ^a ^b Magocsi, Paul R. (2015). With their backs to the mountains : a history of Carpathian Rus' and Carpatho-Rusyns. Budapest: Central European University Press. ISBN 978-963-386-107-3. OCLC 929239528.
^ Magocsi, P.R., Iazychie. World Academy of the Carpatho-Rusyn Culture. (in Ukrainian)
^ Paul Robert Magocsi; Ivan Pop (2005). "Iazŷchiie". Encyclopedia of Rusyn history and culture (2nd ed.). Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 210. doi:10.3138/9781442674431. ISBN 978-0-8020-3566-0. LCCN 2003541528. OL 22719419M. Wikidata Q105105620.
^ Орест Субтельний, Історія України [ Orest Subtelny, History of Ukraine], Section 6.3 (archived)

[use-1] Zhovtobryukh, M.A. Iazychie. Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia.

[Magocsi2015-2] Magocsi, Paul R. (2015). With their backs to the mountains : a history of Carpathian Rus' and Carpatho-Rusyns. Budapest: Central European University Press. ISBN 978-963-386-107-3. OCLC 929239528.

[3] Magocsi, P.R., Iazychie. World Academy of the Carpatho-Rusyn Culture. (in Ukrainian)

[4] Paul Robert Magocsi; Ivan Pop (2005). "Iazŷchiie". Encyclopedia of Rusyn history and culture (2nd ed.). Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 210. doi:10.3138/9781442674431. ISBN 978-0-8020-3566-0. LCCN 2003541528. OL 22719419M. Wikidata Q105105620.

[5] Орест Субтельний, Історія України [ Orest Subtelny, History of Ukraine], Section 6.3 (archived)

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