Ibn Zuhr

Ibn Zuhr ابن زهر Avenzoar
An imaginary sketch representing Muslim physician Ibn Zuhr.
Born	1094 Peñaflor, Almoravid empire, now Province of Seville, Spain
Died	1162 (aged 68) Seville, Almohad empire, now Province of Seville, Spain
Academic background
Influences	Abu al-'Ala' (father) Galen
Academic work
Era	Medieval Islamic civilization
Notable works	Kitab al-Taisir fi al-Mudawat wa al-Tadbir
Influenced	Averroes, Maimonides, Pietro d'Abano, Guy de Chauliac

Abū Marwān ‘Abd al-Malik ibn Zuhr (Arabic: أبو مروان عبد الملك بن زهر),^[1] traditionally known by his Latinized name Avenzoar^[a] (/ˌɑːvənˈzoʊər/;^[2] 1094–1162), was an Arab physician, surgeon, and poet. He was born at Seville in medieval Andalusia (present-day Spain), was a contemporary of Averroes and Ibn Tufail, and was the most well-regarded physician of his era.^[3] He was particularly known for his emphasis on a more rational, empiric basis of medicine. His major work, Al-Taysīr fil-Mudāwāt wal-Tadbīr ("Book of Simplification Concerning Therapeutics and Diet"), was translated into Latin and Hebrew and was influential to the progress of surgery. He also improved surgical and medical knowledge by keying out several diseases and their treatments.

Ibn Zuhr performed the first experimental tracheotomy on a goat.^[4] He is thought to have made the earliest description of bezoar stones as medicinal items.^[5]

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