IceCube Neutrino Observatory

IceCube Neutrino Observatory
	IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole
Alternative names	IceCube Laboratory
Organization	IceCube collaboration
Location	Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station
Coordinates	89°59′24″S 63°27′11″W / 89.99000°S 63.45306°W
Website	icecube.wisc.edu
Telescopes
Telescope
Telescope	Neutrino
	Location of IceCube Neutrino Observatory
	Related media on Commons
	[edit on Wikidata]

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory (or simply IceCube) is a neutrino observatory developed by the University of Wisconsin–Madison and constructed at the Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station in Antarctica.^[1] The project is a recognized CERN experiment (RE10).^[2]^[3] Its thousands of sensors are located under the Antarctic ice, distributed over a cubic kilometre.

Similar to its predecessor, the Antarctic Muon And Neutrino Detector Array (AMANDA), IceCube consists of spherical optical sensors called Digital Optical Modules (DOMs), each with a photomultiplier tube (PMT)^[4] and a single-board data acquisition computer which sends digital data to the counting house on the surface above the array.^[5] IceCube was completed on 18 December 2010.^[6]

DOMs are deployed on strings of 60 modules each at depths between 1,450 and 2,450 meters into holes melted in the ice using a hot water drill. IceCube is designed to look for point sources of neutrinos in the teraelectronvolt (TeV) range to explore the highest-energy astrophysical processes.

^ Abbasi, R; Ackermann, M; Adams, J; Ahlers, M; Ahrens, J; Andeen, K; Auffenberg, J; Bai, X; Baker, M; Barwick, S. W; Bay, R; Bazo Alba, J. L; Beattie, K; Becka, T; Becker, J. K; Becker, K. -H; Berghaus, P; Berley, D; Bernardini, E; Bertrand, D; Besson, D. Z; Bingham, B; Blaufuss, E; Boersma, D. J; Bohm, C; Bolmont, J; Böser, S; Botner, O; Braun, J; et al. (30 June 2009). "IceCube: Extreme Science!". Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A. 601 (3): 294–316. arXiv:0810.4930. Bibcode:2009NIMPA.601..294A. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2009.01.001. S2CID 119261334. Archived from the original on 14 March 2010. Retrieved 15 October 2009.
^ "Recognized Experiments at CERN". The CERN Scientific Committees. CERN. Archived from the original on 13 June 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
^ "RE10/ICECUBE : IceCube". The CERN Experimental Programme. CERN. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
^ R. Abbasi; et al. (IceCube Collaboration) (2010). "Calibration and Characterization of the IceCube Photomultiplier Tube". Nuclear Instruments and Methods A. 618 (1–3): 139–152. arXiv:1002.2442. Bibcode:2010NIMPA.618..139A. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2010.03.102. S2CID 44013013.
^ R. Abbasi; et al. (IceCube Collaboration) (2009). "The IceCube Data Acquisition System: Signal Capture, Digitization, and Timestamping". Nuclear Instruments and Methods A. 601 (3): 294–316. arXiv:0810.4930. Bibcode:2009NIMPA.601..294A. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2009.01.001. S2CID 119261334.
^ "IceCube Neutrino Observatory". 20 December 2023.

[1] Abbasi, R; Ackermann, M; Adams, J; Ahlers, M; Ahrens, J; Andeen, K; Auffenberg, J; Bai, X; Baker, M; Barwick, S. W; Bay, R; Bazo Alba, J. L; Beattie, K; Becka, T; Becker, J. K; Becker, K. -H; Berghaus, P; Berley, D; Bernardini, E; Bertrand, D; Besson, D. Z; Bingham, B; Blaufuss, E; Boersma, D. J; Bohm, C; Bolmont, J; Böser, S; Botner, O; Braun, J; et al. (30 June 2009). "IceCube: Extreme Science!". Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A. 601 (3): 294–316. arXiv:0810.4930. Bibcode:2009NIMPA.601..294A. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2009.01.001. S2CID 119261334. Archived from the original on 14 March 2010. Retrieved 15 October 2009.

[2] "Recognized Experiments at CERN". The CERN Scientific Committees. CERN. Archived from the original on 13 June 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2020.

[3] "RE10/ICECUBE : IceCube". The CERN Experimental Programme. CERN. Retrieved 21 January 2020.

[4] R. Abbasi; et al. (IceCube Collaboration) (2010). "Calibration and Characterization of the IceCube Photomultiplier Tube". Nuclear Instruments and Methods A. 618 (1–3): 139–152. arXiv:1002.2442. Bibcode:2010NIMPA.618..139A. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2010.03.102. S2CID 44013013.

[5] R. Abbasi; et al. (IceCube Collaboration) (2009). "The IceCube Data Acquisition System: Signal Capture, Digitization, and Timestamping". Nuclear Instruments and Methods A. 601 (3): 294–316. arXiv:0810.4930. Bibcode:2009NIMPA.601..294A. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2009.01.001. S2CID 119261334.

[6] "IceCube Neutrino Observatory". 20 December 2023.

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