Improperia

The Improperia are a series of antiphons and responses, expressing the remonstrance of Jesus Christ with his people.^[1] Also known as the Reproaches or the Solemn Reproaches, they are sung In the Catholic liturgy as part of the observance of the Passion, usually on the afternoon of Good Friday. In the Byzantine Rite, they are found in various hymns of Good Friday and Holy Saturday. The Improperia appear in the Pontificale of Prudentius (846–61) and gradually came into use throughout Europe in the eleventh and twelfth centuries, finally being incorporated into the Roman Ordo in the fourteenth century.^[2]

^ Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Improperia" . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
^ d'Uzer, V, "The Jews in the Sixteenth-Century Homilies" in Wood, D (Ed) (1992) Christianity and Judaism Studies in Church History, Vol. 29

[1] Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Improperia" . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.

[2] 'Uzer, V, "The Jews in the Sixteenth-Century Homilies" in Wood, D (Ed) (1992) Christianity and Judaism Studies in Church History, Vol. 29

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