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Long title | Individuals with Disabilities Education Act |
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Acronyms (colloquial) | IDEA |
Enacted by | the 101st United States Congress |
Citations | |
Public law | Pub.L. 101-476 |
Statutes at Large | 104 Stat. 1142 |
Codification | |
Acts amended | Education for All Handicapped Children Act |
Titles amended | 20 U.S.C.: Education |
U.S.C. sections amended | 1400 et seq. |
Legislative history | |
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Major amendments | |
No Child Left Behind Act Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004, P.L. 108-446 | |
United States Supreme Court cases | |
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Disability |
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This article is part of a series on |
Education in the United States |
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Summary |
Curriculum topics |
Education policy issues |
Levels of education |
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The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is a piece of American legislation that ensures students with a disability are provided with a Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) that is tailored to their individual needs. IDEA was previously known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EHA) from 1975 to 1990. In 1990, the United States Congress reauthorized EHA and changed the title to IDEA.[1] Overall, the goal of IDEA is to provide children with disabilities the same opportunity for education as those students who do not have a disability.
IDEA is composed of four parts, the main two being part A and part B.[2] Part A covers the general provisions of the law; Part B covers assistance for education of all children with disabilities; Part C covers infants and toddlers with disabilities, including children from birth to age three; and Part D consists of the national support programs administered at the federal level. Each part of the law has remained largely the same since the original enactment in 1975.
In practice, IDEA is composed of six main elements that illuminate its main points. These six elements are: Individualized Education Program (IEP); Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE); Least Restrictive Environment (LRE); Appropriate Evaluation; Parent and Teacher Participation; and Procedural Safeguards. To go along with those six main elements, there are also a few other important components that tie into IDEA: Confidentiality of Information, Transition Services, and Discipline. Throughout the years of IDEA's being reauthorized, these components have become key concepts when learning about IDEA.[3]
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