Iohexol

Iohexol
Clinical data
Trade names	Omnipaque, Hexopaque, Oraltag, others
Other names	5-[N-(2,3-Dihydroxypropyl)acetamido]-2,4,6-triiodo-N,N'-bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)isophthalamide
AHFS/Drugs.com	Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information
License data	US DailyMed: Iohexol;
Routes of; administration	Intrathecal, intravascular, by mouth, intracavital, rectal
ATC code	V08AB02 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	CA: ℞-only; US: WARNINGRx-only; In general: ℞ (Prescription only);
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding	Low
Metabolism	Nil
Elimination half-life	Variable
Excretion	Kidney, unchanged
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 1-N,3-N-Bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-5-[N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)acetamido]-2,4,6-triiodobenzene-1,3-dicarboxamide;
CAS Number	66108-95-0 ;
PubChem CID	3730;
DrugBank	DB01362 ;
ChemSpider	3599 ;
UNII	4419T9MX03;
KEGG	D01817 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:31709 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1200455 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6023157 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.060.130
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C19H26I3N3O9
Molar mass	821.142 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Melting point	174 to 180 °C (345 to 356 °F)
	SMILES O=C(N(c1c(I)c(c(I)c(c1I)C(=O)NCC(O)CO)C(=O)NCC(O)CO)CC(O)CO)C;
	InChI InChI=1S/C19H26I3N3O9/c1-8(29)25(4-11(32)7-28)17-15(21)12(18(33)23-2-9(30)5-26)14(20)13(16(17)22)19(34)24-3-10(31)6-27/h9-11,26-28,30-32H,2-7H2,1H3,(H,23,33)(H,24,34) ; Key:NTHXOOBQLCIOLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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Iohexol, sold under the trade name Omnipaque among others, is a contrast agent used for X-ray imaging.^[4] This includes when visualizing arteries, veins, ventricles of the brain, the urinary system, and joints, as well as during computed tomography (CT scan).^[4] It is given by mouth, injection into a vein, or into a body cavity.^[5]

Side effects include vomiting, skin flushing, headache, itchiness, kidney problems, and low blood pressure.^[4] Less commonly allergic reactions or seizures may occur.^[4] Allergies to povidone-iodine or shellfish do not affect the risk of side effects more than other allergies.^[6] Use in the later part of pregnancy may cause hypothyroidism in the baby.^[7] Iohexol is an iodinated non-ionic radiocontrast agent.^[4] It is in the low osmolar family.^[8]

Iohexol was approved for medical use in 1985.^[9] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.^[10]^[5]

^ "FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
^ "Product monograph brand safety updates". Health Canada. February 2024. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
^ "Regulatory Decision Summary for Omnipaque". Drug and Health Products Portal. 29 December 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. pp. 317–8. hdl:10665/44053. ISBN 9789241547659.
^ ^a ^b Hamilton R (2015). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 171. ISBN 9781284057560.
^ ACR Manual on Contrast Media v10.3. 2017 (PDF). American College of Radiology. 2017. p. 6. ISBN 9781559030120. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 January 2018. Retrieved 1 January 2018.
^ Briggs GG, Freeman RK, Yaffe SJ (2011). Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation: A Reference Guide to Fetal and Neonatal Risk. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 761. ISBN 9781608317080. Archived from the original on 1 January 2017.
^ Sutton D, Young JW (2012). A Short Textbook of Clinical Imaging. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 235. ISBN 9781447117551. Archived from the original on 1 January 2017.
^ Broe ME, Porter GA, Bennett WM, Verpooten GA (2013). Clinical Nephrotoxins: Renal Injury from Drugs and Chemicals. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 325. ISBN 9789401590884. Archived from the original on 1 January 2017.
^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.

[FDA-AllBoxedWarnings-1] "FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 October 2023.

[2] "Product monograph brand safety updates". Health Canada. February 2024. Retrieved 24 March 2024.

[3] "Regulatory Decision Summary for Omnipaque". Drug and Health Products Portal. 29 December 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2024.

[WHO2008-4] World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. pp. 317–8. hdl:10665/44053. ISBN 9789241547659.

[Ric2015-5] Hamilton R (2015). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 171. ISBN 9781284057560.

[ACR2017-6] ACR Manual on Contrast Media v10.3. 2017 (PDF). American College of Radiology. 2017. p. 6. ISBN 9781559030120. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 January 2018. Retrieved 1 January 2018.

[7] Briggs GG, Freeman RK, Yaffe SJ (2011). Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation: A Reference Guide to Fetal and Neonatal Risk. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 761. ISBN 9781608317080. Archived from the original on 1 January 2017.

[8] Sutton D, Young JW (2012). A Short Textbook of Clinical Imaging. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 235. ISBN 9781447117551. Archived from the original on 1 January 2017.

[9] Broe ME, Porter GA, Bennett WM, Verpooten GA (2013). Clinical Nephrotoxins: Renal Injury from Drugs and Chemicals. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 325. ISBN 9789401590884. Archived from the original on 1 January 2017.

[WHO21st-10] World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.

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