Iraqi Turkmen

Iraqi Turkmen
Irak Türkmenleri
	Flag of Turkmeneli
Total population
	3 million (2013 Iraqi Ministry of Planning estimate) ; Estimated 4 million to 5 million (or 10%–13% of the Iraqi population in 2020–21)
Regions with significant populations
	Predominantly in the Turkmeneli region: ; Governorates of Kirkuk, Erbil, Nineveh, Saladin and Diyala
Languages
	Turkmen dialect ; Additional: Mesopotamian Arabic, Kurdish, Standard Turkish
Religion
	99% Islam; (60-70% Sunni; 30-40% Shia); 1% Christianity (Catholic)

The Iraqi Turkmen (Turkish: Irak Türkmenleri, عراق تورکمنلری; Arabic: تركمان العراق), also referred to as Iraqi Turks,^[13]^[14] (Turkish: Irak Türkleri, عراق توركلری; Arabic: أتراك العراق) are the third largest ethnic group in Iraq.^[15]^[16] They make up to 10%–13% of the Iraqi population.^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6] Iraqi Turkmen share ties with Turkish people and Syrian Turkmen, and do not identify themselves with the Turkmen of Central Asia.^[17]^[18]^[19]^[1]^[2]

^ ^a ^b Triana 2017, p. 168: "Turkmen, Iraqi citizens of Turkmen seljukh origin, are the third largest ethnic group in Iraq after Arabs and Kurds and they are said to number about 3 million of Iraq's 34.7 million citizens according to the Iraqi Ministry of Planning."
^ ^a ^b Bassem, Wassim (2016). "Iraq's Turkmens call for independent province". Al-Monitor. Archived from the original on 12 September 2021. Iraqi Turkmens, who are citizens of Iraq with Turkmen origins, have been calling for their own independent province in the Tal Afar district west of Mosul, located in the center of the Ninevah province...Turkmens are a mix of Sunnis and Shiites and are the third-largest ethnicity in Iraq after Arabs and Kurds, numbering around 3 million out of the total population of about 34.7 million, according to 2013 data from the Iraqi Ministry of Planning.
^ ^a ^b Tastekin, Fehim (2018). "Why Iraqi Turkmens are excluded from the new government". Al-Monitor. Archived from the original on 12 September 2021. Retrieved 12 September 2021. Turkmens are said to be 10-13% of the overall Iraqi population, but that ratio is not reflected in parliament.
^ ^a ^b Dolamari, Mewan (2016). "'Turkmens marginalized in Mosul liberation'". Kurdistan24. Archived from the original on 12 September 2021. Retrieved 12 September 2021. Turkmens in Iraq and the Kurdistan Region... represent the third largest ethnic group in Iraq (13 percent of the population).
^ ^a ^b Güger, M. Birol (2021). "Erşat Salihi'nin istifası, iç savaş senaryoları ve Irak Türklerinin geleceği" [Erşat Salihi's resignation, civil war scenarios and the future of Iraqi Turks] (in Turkish). Cumhuriyet. Retrieved 12 September 2021. Peki, bu durumda Irak'ta yaşayan 4 milyon Türk ne ile karşılaşacak? [So, what will the 4 million Turks living in Iraq face in this case?]
^ ^a ^b Sari, Esra (2020). "Irak'ta 5 milyon Türkmen yaşıyor" [5 million Turkmen live in Iraq] (in Turkish). Ticari Hayat. Archived from the original on 26 October 2021. Retrieved 12 September 2021. Irak'ta yaklaşık 5 milyon Türkmen yaşamaktadır. [About 5 million Turkmen live in Iraq.]
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "The Turkmen of Iraq". al-bab.
^ Johanson, Lars (2021), Turkic, Cambridge University Press, pp. 98–99, ISBN 9781009038218 – via Google Books, Turkish is the largest and most vigorous Turkic language, spoken by over 80 million people, a third of the total number of Turkic-speakers... Turkish is a recognized regional minority language in North Macedonia, Kosovo, Romania, and Iraq.
^ Oğuzlu 2004, p. 313.
^ Iraq: The Ancient Sites & Iraqi Kurdistan, Geoff Hann, Karen Dabrowska, Tina Townsend-Greaves, 2015, pp. 200, ISBN 9781841624884
^ "Iraq's Turkmen mobilise for a post-ISIL future". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 2 March 2025.
^ Demirci, Fazil (1991). The Iraqi Turks Yesterday and Today. Turkish Historical Society Printing Press. ISBN 9759544326.
^ Kushner, David (1987). "Pan-Turkism Today: Contemporary Turkey and the "Outside Turks"". Asian and African Studies: Journal of the Israel Oriental Society. 21 (2): 202. ISSN 0066-8281. Official reaction to the question of the Turkmen minority in Iraq did change somewhat in the course of 1980 when it was learnt that several Iraqi Turks had been tried and executed on charges of reason
^ Sadik 2009, p. 13: "the Turkmen are Iraq's third-largest ethnic group after the Arabs and Kurds"
^ Barker 2012, p. 23: "The Turkish-speaking Turkmen are the third-largest ethnic group in Iraq after the Arabs and the Kurds."
^ Cite error: The named reference Peyrouse2015 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Kushner 1987, p. 209.
^ The New York Times (2015). "Who Are the Turkmens of Syria?". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 14 January 2017. Retrieved 3 March 2017.

[Triana-1] Triana 2017, p. 168: "Turkmen, Iraqi citizens of Turkmen seljukh origin, are the third largest ethnic group in Iraq after Arabs and Kurds and they are said to number about 3 million of Iraq's 34.7 million citizens according to the Iraqi Ministry of Planning."

[Bassem2016-2] Bassem, Wassim (2016). "Iraq's Turkmens call for independent province". Al-Monitor. Archived from the original on 12 September 2021. Iraqi Turkmens, who are citizens of Iraq with Turkmen origins, have been calling for their own independent province in the Tal Afar district west of Mosul, located in the center of the Ninevah province...Turkmens are a mix of Sunnis and Shiites and are the third-largest ethnicity in Iraq after Arabs and Kurds, numbering around 3 million out of the total population of about 34.7 million, according to 2013 data from the Iraqi Ministry of Planning.

[Tastekin2018-3] Tastekin, Fehim (2018). "Why Iraqi Turkmens are excluded from the new government". Al-Monitor. Archived from the original on 12 September 2021. Retrieved 12 September 2021. Turkmens are said to be 10-13% of the overall Iraqi population, but that ratio is not reflected in parliament.

[Dolamari2016-4] Dolamari, Mewan (2016). "'Turkmens marginalized in Mosul liberation'". Kurdistan24. Archived from the original on 12 September 2021. Retrieved 12 September 2021. Turkmens in Iraq and the Kurdistan Region... represent the third largest ethnic group in Iraq (13 percent of the population).

[Güger2021-5] Güger, M. Birol (2021). "Erşat Salihi'nin istifası, iç savaş senaryoları ve Irak Türklerinin geleceği" [Erşat Salihi's resignation, civil war scenarios and the future of Iraqi Turks] (in Turkish). Cumhuriyet. Retrieved 12 September 2021. Peki, bu durumda Irak'ta yaşayan 4 milyon Türk ne ile karşılaşacak? [So, what will the 4 million Turks living in Iraq face in this case?]

[Sari2020-6] Sari, Esra (2020). "Irak'ta 5 milyon Türkmen yaşıyor" [5 million Turkmen live in Iraq] (in Turkish). Ticari Hayat. Archived from the original on 26 October 2021. Retrieved 12 September 2021. Irak'ta yaklaşık 5 milyon Türkmen yaşamaktadır. [About 5 million Turkmen live in Iraq.]

[:0-7] Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[8] "The Turkmen of Iraq". al-bab.

[Johanson2021-9] Johanson, Lars (2021), Turkic, Cambridge University Press, pp. 98–99, ISBN 9781009038218 – via Google Books, Turkish is the largest and most vigorous Turkic language, spoken by over 80 million people, a third of the total number of Turkic-speakers... Turkish is a recognized regional minority language in North Macedonia, Kosovo, Romania, and Iraq.

[FOOTNOTEOğuzlu2004313-10] Oğuzlu 2004, p. 313.

[11] Iraq: The Ancient Sites & Iraqi Kurdistan, Geoff Hann, Karen Dabrowska, Tina Townsend-Greaves, 2015, pp. 200, ISBN 9781841624884

[aljazeera.com-12] "Iraq's Turkmen mobilise for a post-ISIL future". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 2 March 2025.

[13] Demirci, Fazil (1991). The Iraqi Turks Yesterday and Today. Turkish Historical Society Printing Press. ISBN 9759544326.

[Kushner1987p202-14] Kushner, David (1987). "Pan-Turkism Today: Contemporary Turkey and the "Outside Turks"". Asian and African Studies: Journal of the Israel Oriental Society. 21 (2): 202. ISSN 0066-8281. Official reaction to the question of the Turkmen minority in Iraq did change somewhat in the course of 1980 when it was learnt that several Iraqi Turks had been tried and executed on charges of reason

[15] Sadik 2009, p. 13: "the Turkmen are Iraq's third-largest ethnic group after the Arabs and Kurds"

[16] Barker 2012, p. 23: "The Turkish-speaking Turkmen are the third-largest ethnic group in Iraq after the Arabs and the Kurds."

[Peyrouse2015-17] Cite error: The named reference Peyrouse2015 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[FOOTNOTEKushner1987209-18] Kushner 1987, p. 209.

[TheNewYorkTimes-19] The New York Times (2015). "Who Are the Turkmens of Syria?". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 14 January 2017. Retrieved 3 March 2017.

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