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Ismail Haniyeh

Ismail Haniyeh
إسماعيل هنية‎
Haniyeh in 2022
Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority
In office
29 March 2006 – 2 June 2014
Disputed from 14 June 2007[a]
President
Preceded byAhmed Qurei
Succeeded byRami Hamdallah
Chairman of the Hamas Political Bureau
In office
6 May 2017 – 31 July 2024
DeputySaleh al-Arouri[1]
(2017–2024)
Preceded byKhaled Mashal
Succeeded byTBD
Hamas Chief in the Gaza Strip
In office
2 June 2014 – 13 February 2017
LeaderKhaled Mashal
Succeeded byYahya Sinwar
Personal details
Born29 January 1962
Al-Shati refugee camp, Egyptian-occupied Gaza Strip
Died (aged 62)
Tehran, Iran
Manner of deathAssassination
NationalityPalestinian
Political partyHamas
Children13[b]
Alma materIslamic University of Gaza (BA)
Politics of Palestine
Officeholders whose status is disputed are shown in italics

Arab League Member state of the Arab League

Government
National symbols
Legislative Council
Elections
Administrative divisions
Foreign relations
flag Palestine portal

Ismail Haniyeh[c] (29 January 1962 – 31 July 2024) was a Palestinian politician who was the political leader of Hamas, which was designated a terrorist organization by Israel, the United States and other countries, the organization that has governed the Gaza Strip since 2007.[2] From 2017 until his assassination in 2024, he had mostly lived in Qatar.[3]

Haniyeh was born in the al-Shati refugee camp in the then Egyptian-controlled Gaza Strip in 1962 or 1963,[4][5][6][7] to parents who were expelled or fled from Ashkelon during the 1948 Palestine war. He gained a bachelor's degree in Arabic literature in 1987 from the Islamic University of Gaza,[8][9] where he first became involved with Hamas after it was created during the First Intifada against the Israeli occupation, leading to his imprisonment for three short periods after having participated in protests. After his release in 1992, he was exiled to Lebanon, returning a year later to become a dean at Gaza's Islamic University. Haniyeh was appointed to head a Hamas office in 1997 and subsequently rose in the ranks of the organization.[10]

Haniyeh was head of the Hamas list that won the Palestinian legislative elections of 2006, which campaigned on armed resistance and terrorism against Israel, and so became Prime Minister of the State of Palestine. However, Mahmoud Abbas, the Palestinian President, dismissed Haniyeh from office on 14 June 2007. Due to the then-ongoing Fatah–Hamas conflict, Haniyeh did not acknowledge Abbas' decree and continued to exercise prime ministerial authority in the Gaza Strip.[11] Haniyeh was the leader of Hamas in the Gaza Strip from 2006 until February 2017, when he was replaced by Yahya Sinwar. Haniyeh was seen as one of the more pragmatic and moderate figures in Hamas.[12]

On 6 May 2017, Haniyeh was elected chairman of Hamas's Political Bureau, replacing Khaled Mashal; at the time, Haniyeh relocated from the Gaza Strip to Qatar.[13][14] Under his tenure, Hamas launched the October 7th attack on Israel, which he celebrated in Doha.[15] Following Hamas' attack in late 2023, Israel declared its intention to assassinate all Hamas leaders.[15] In May 2024, Karim Khan, the prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, announced his intention to apply for an arrest warrant for Haniyeh, and other Hamas leaders, for war crimes and crimes against humanity, as part of the ICC investigation in Palestine.[16][17][18] On 31 July 2024, Haniyeh was assassinated, allegedly by an Israeli strike, in a residence in Tehran during his visit to Iran for the inauguration of its newly elected president.[19][6]


Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).

  1. ^ "Hamas appoints West Bank terror chief as its deputy leader". The Times of Israel. 5 October 2017. Archived from the original on 8 February 2021. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
  2. ^ Alshawabkeh, Lina (17 October 2023). "Who are the leaders of Hamas?". BBC News. Archived from the original on 19 October 2023. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  3. ^ "Ismail Haniyeh". Counter Extremism Project. Archived from the original on 28 October 2023. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
  4. ^ Vinall, Frances (31 July 2024). "What to know about Ismail Haniyeh, the Hamas leader killed in Iran". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 31 July 2024. Retrieved 31 July 2024. Haniyeh was born in January 1963, according to the Hamas media office [...]
  5. ^ "Ismail Haniyeh". Encyclopædia Britannica. 31 July 2024. Retrieved 31 July 2024. born 1962?
  6. ^ a b Livni, Ephrat; Abdulrahim, Raja (31 July 2024). "Ismail Haniyeh, a Top Hamas Leader, Is Dead at 62". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 31 July 2024. Retrieved 31 July 2024. Mr. Haniyeh was born in 1962 [...]
  7. ^ Fischbach, Michael R. "Haniyeh, Ismail". encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 31 July 2024. Haniyeh was born in 1962 (some sources say January 1963) [...]
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference bbcprofile was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference tbt was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ "Who was Ismail Haniyeh, the Hamas political leader killed in Tehran?". CNN.
  11. ^ "Abbas sacks Hamas-led government". BBC News. 14 June 2007. Archived from the original on 27 August 2007. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
  12. ^ Cite error: The named reference r111 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  13. ^ "Ex-Gaza leader Haniyeh reportedly to replace Mashaal as Hamas head". The Times of Israel. 5 September 2016. Archived from the original on 14 October 2023. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
  14. ^ Akram, Fares (7 May 2017). "Hamas says Ismail Haniyeh chosen as Islamic group's leader". Yahoo News. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 6 May 2017. Retrieved 7 May 2017.
  15. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  16. ^ Khan, Karim A.A. (20 May 2024). "Statement of ICC Prosecutor Karim A.A. Khan KC: Applications for arrest warrants in the situation in the State of Palestine". icc-cpi.int. International Criminal Court. Archived from the original on 20 May 2024. Retrieved 20 May 2024.
  17. ^ Ray, Siladitya (20 May 2024). "ICC Seeks Arrest Warrants For Benjamin Netanyahu And Hamas Leader Yahya Sinwar". Forbes. Archived from the original on 22 May 2024. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
  18. ^ Kottasová, Ivana (20 May 2024). "EXCLUSIVE: ICC seeks arrest warrants against Sinwar and Netanyahu for war crimes over October 7 attack and Gaza war". CNN. Archived from the original on 20 May 2024. Retrieved 20 May 2024.
  19. ^ "Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh killed in raid on Iran residence, says Palestinian group". The Guardian. 31 July 2024. Retrieved 31 July 2024.

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