James Brown (Australian pastoralist)

James Brown
Born	c. 1819 (1819) East Fife, Scotland
Died	7 February 1890 (aged 70–71) South Australia, Australia
Occupation	Pastoralist
Known for	Mass murder, Avenue Range Station massacre
Spouse	Jessie Brown

James Brown (c. 1819 – 7 February 1890) was a Scottish-born mass murderer and pastoralist of the South East of South Australia responsible for the Avenue Range Station massacre of between nine and eleven Aboriginal Australians. He was never convicted, despite the magistrate who committed him for trial observing that there was "little question of the butchery or the butcher". The Aboriginal Witnesses Act specified that a court could not base a conviction of a white man on the testimony of an Aboriginal witness alone. After his death, his widow Jessie Brown pursued several philanthropic ventures in his name. Two charitable institutions — the Kalyra Consumption Sanitorium at Belair and Estcourt House, near Grange were founded in his memory, and out of the proceeds of his estate.