Kerr effect

The Kerr effect, also called the quadratic electro-optic (QEO) effect, is a change in the refractive index of a material in response to an applied electric field. The Kerr effect is distinct from the Pockels effect in that the induced index change for the Kerr effect is directly proportional to the square of the electric field instead of varying linearly with it. All materials show a Kerr effect, but certain liquids display it more strongly than others. The Kerr effect was discovered in 1875 by Scottish physicist John Kerr.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Two special cases of the Kerr effect are normally considered, these being the Kerr electro-optic effect, or DC Kerr effect, and the optical Kerr effect, or AC Kerr effect.

^ Weinberger, P. (2008). "John Kerr and his Effects Found in 1877 and 1878" (PDF). Philosophical Magazine Letters. 88 (12): 897–907. Bibcode:2008PMagL..88..897W. doi:10.1080/09500830802526604. S2CID 119771088.
^ Kerr, John (1875). "A new relation between electricity and light: Dielectrified media birefringent". Philosophical Magazine. 4. 50 (332): 337–348. doi:10.1080/14786447508641302.
^ Kerr, John (1875). "A new relation between electricity and light: Dielectrified media birefringent (Second paper)". Philosophical Magazine. 4. 50 (333): 446–458. doi:10.1080/14786447508641319.

[1] Weinberger, P. (2008). "John Kerr and his Effects Found in 1877 and 1878" (PDF). Philosophical Magazine Letters. 88 (12): 897–907. Bibcode:2008PMagL..88..897W. doi:10.1080/09500830802526604. S2CID 119771088.

[2] Kerr, John (1875). "A new relation between electricity and light: Dielectrified media birefringent". Philosophical Magazine. 4. 50 (332): 337–348. doi:10.1080/14786447508641302.

[3] Kerr, John (1875). "A new relation between electricity and light: Dielectrified media birefringent (Second paper)". Philosophical Magazine. 4. 50 (333): 446–458. doi:10.1080/14786447508641319.

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