Khanate of Kalat کلاتءِ ھانات ، خانات کلات | |||||||||||||||
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1666–1955 | |||||||||||||||
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![]() Balochistan in the year 1789, including the Khanate of Kalat and states that are under its suzerainty. | |||||||||||||||
![]() Khanate of Kalat (dark green) in Baluchistan Agency (1931) | |||||||||||||||
Status | Khanate | ||||||||||||||
Capital | Kalat | ||||||||||||||
Common languages | Brahui, Balochi, Persian (administration),[1] Jatki, Dehwari | ||||||||||||||
Religion | |||||||||||||||
Government | Hereditary monarchy | ||||||||||||||
• Khan | Ahmad Yar Khan | ||||||||||||||
Historical era | Early Modern Period | ||||||||||||||
• Established | 1666 | ||||||||||||||
• Disestablished | 1955 | ||||||||||||||
Area | |||||||||||||||
1835 | 560,000 km2 (220,000 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||
1940 | 139,850 km2 (54,000 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||
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Today part of | Pakistan Iran[2] Afghanistan[2] |
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This article is part of the series |
Former administrative units of Pakistan |
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The Khanate of Kalat, also called the Brahui Confederacy,[3][2][4] was a Brahui Khanate that originated in the modern-day Kalat region of Pakistan, ruled over by the Brahui Ahmadzai dynasty till 1948. Formed in 1666 due to the threat of Mughal expansion in the region,[5][6] it controlled the wider Balochistan at its greatest extent in the mid-18th century,[2] extending from Kerman in the west to Sindh in the east and from Helmand River in the north to the Arabian Sea in the south.[7] The Khanate of Kalat lost considerable area to Qajar Iran and the Emirate of Afghanistan in the early 19th century,[2] and the city of Kalat was itself sacked by the British in 1839.
Kalat became a self-governing state in a subsidiary alliance with British India after the signature of the Treaty of Kalat by the Khan of Kalat and the Brahui Sardars in 1875, and the supervision of Kalat became a task of the Baluchistan Agency.[8] Kalat was briefly independent from 12 August 1947 until 27 March 1948, when its ruler Ahmad Yar Khan acceded to Pakistan, making it one of the Princely states of Pakistan.
The medium of administration in this state, which became known as the Khanate of Kalat, was Persian, as was customary down to the 19th century throughout south and central Asia and beyond (see Spooner, this volume).
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