Koryo-saram

Koryo-saram
Koryo-saram in Uzbekistan (1937)
Total population
About 500,000
Regions with significant populations
 Uzbekistan174,200[1]
 Russia153,156[2]
 Kazakhstan102,804[3]
 Kyrgyzstan17,094[4]
Ukraine Ukraine12,711[5]
 Turkmenistan2,500[6]
 Tajikistan634[7]
 Belarus400[8]
 Estonia208[9]
Languages
Russian, Koryo-mar
Religion
Orthodox Christianity along with Buddhism, Protestantism, Catholicism, Islam and others[10]
Related ethnic groups
Koreans, Sakhalin Koreans
Koryo-saram
Korean name
Hangul고려사람
Hanja高麗사람
Transcriptions
Revised RomanizationGoryeosaram
McCune–ReischauerKoryŏsaram
South Korean name
Hangul고려인
Hanja高麗人
Transcriptions
Revised RomanizationGoryeoin
McCune–ReischauerKoryŏin
Russian name
RussianКорё сарам
RomanizationKoryo saram

Koryo-saram (Koryo-mar: 고려사람; Russian: Корё сарам) or Koryoin (Korean: 고려인) are ethnic Koreans of the former Soviet Union, who descend from Koreans that were living in the Russian Far East.

Koreans first began settling in the Russian Far East in the late 19th century; their numbers increased as Japan colonized Korea in 1910. A number of Koryo-saram became significant Korean independence activists, such as Hong Beom-do and Chŏng Sang-jin. In 1937, they were all deported to Central Asia. They have since dispersed throughout the former Soviet Union, with significant populations in Siberia, Uzbekistan, and Kazakhstan.

Approximately 500,000 Koryo-saram reside in the former Soviet Union, primarily in the now-independent states of Central Asia. There are also large Korean communities in Southern Russia (around Volgograd), the Russian Far East (around Vladivostok), the Caucasus, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, and southern Ukraine. While the ability to speak Korean has become increasingly rare amongst modern Koryo-saram, they have retained some elements of Korean culture, including Korean names. Koryo-saram cuisine has become popular throughout the former Soviet Union, with the dish morkovcha now widely available in grocery stores there. A significant number of Koryo-saram have either moved temporarily or permanently to South Korea for economic or cultural reasons. The Russo-Ukrainian War, especially the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, has motivated several thousand Ukrainian Koreans to move to South Korea for safety.[11][12]

Sakhalin Koreans also exist on the island of Sakhalin in Russia, but they are often considered a separate ethnic group. They arrived when Sakhalin was partially under Japanese rule. Some of them identify as Koryo-saram, but many do not. This has led to the term materikovye (материковые) for Koryo-saram, meaning "continental Koreans".[13]

  1. ^ "Опубликованы данные об этническом составе населения Узбекистана". 20 August 2021.
  2. ^ Всероссийская перепись населения 2010. Национальный состав населения РФ 2010
  3. ^ "Republic of Kazakhstan population by ethnic origin in 2020". Statistics Committee of Ministry of National Economy of Republic of Kazakhstan.
  4. ^ "Total population by nationality - Open Data - Statistics of the Kyrgyz Republic". National Statistics Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic.
  5. ^ "сеукраїнський перепис населення 2001 - Результати - Національний склад населення, мовні ознаки, громадянство - Розподіл населення за національністю та рідною мовою - корейці". www.2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua.
  6. ^ "今話題のニュース配信サービス". Archived from the original on 2016-06-24.
  7. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). stat.tj. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2013. Retrieved 30 June 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. ^ "НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ СТАТИСТИЧЕСКИЙ КОМИТЕТ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ" (PDF) (in Russian). p. 32.
  9. ^ "POPULATION, 31 DECEMBER 2021 by Year, Ethnic nationality, Place of residence and Sex".
  10. ^ Schlyter 2004, Footnote 10.
  11. ^ "Ukrainian Refugees of Korean Descent Seek Fresh Start in South Korea". Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada. March 28, 2023. Retrieved 2023-10-08.
  12. ^ Rinna, Anthony (2022-08-17). "A Land They Never Knew: Ethnic Koreans From Ukraine Seeking Help in the ROK". Sino-NK. Retrieved 2023-10-08.
  13. ^ Saveliev, Igor (2010). "Mobility Decision-Making and New Diasporic Spaces: Conceptualizing Korean Diasporas in the Post-Soviet Space". Pacific Affairs. 83 (3): 485. doi:10.5509/2010833481. ISSN 0030-851X. JSTOR 25766411.

© MMXXIII Rich X Search. We shall prevail. All rights reserved. Rich X Search