Back لغات المغرب Arabic Llingües de Marruecos AST Llengües del Marroc Catalan Lenguas de Marruecos Spanish Langues au Maroc French Fiteny ao Marôka Malagasy Языки Марокко Russian Languages of Morocco SIMPLE Fas Dilleri Turkish

Languages of Morocco

Languages of Morocco
OfficialModern Standard Arabic and Standard Moroccan Berber
VernacularArabic dialects (92%)[1]

Berber languages (26%)[1]

ForeignFrench (36%)[3] - (64%)[4]
English (14%)[5]
Spanish (4.5%)[6]
SignedMoroccan Sign Language
Keyboard layout
Sign in Arabic, Berber and French in Agadir

There are a number of languages in Morocco. De jure, the two official languages are Standard Arabic and Standard Moroccan Berber.[7] Moroccan Arabic (known as Darija) is by far the primary spoken vernacular and lingua franca, whereas Berber languages serve as vernaculars for significant portions of the country. The languages of prestige in Morocco are Arabic in its Classical and Modern Standard Forms and sometimes French, the latter of which serves as a second language for approximately 33% of Moroccans.[8] According to a 2000–2002 survey done by Moha Ennaji, author of Multilingualism, Cultural Identity, and Education in Morocco, "there is a general agreement that Standard Arabic, Moroccan Arabic, and Berber are the national languages."[9] Ennaji also concluded "This survey confirms the idea that multilingualism in Morocco is a vivid sociolinguistic phenomenon, which is favored by many people."[10]

There are around 6 million Berber speakers in Morocco.[1] French retains a major place in Morocco, as it is taught universally and serves as Morocco's primary language of commerce and economics, culture, sciences and medicine; it is also widely used in education and government. Morocco is a member of the Francophonie.[11]

Spanish is spoken by many Moroccans, particularly in the northern regions around Tetouan and Tangier, as well as in parts of the south, due to historic ties and business interactions with Spain.[12]

According to a 2012 study by the Government of Spain, 98% of Moroccans spoke Moroccan Arabic, 63% spoke French, 26% Berber, 14% spoke English, and 10% spoke Spanish.[12]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h "2014 General Population and Habitat Census". rgphentableaux.hcp.ma. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  2. ^ "Ethnologue 14 report for Morocco". 2007-11-19. Archived from the original on 2007-11-19. Retrieved 2020-06-04.
  3. ^ La langue française dans le monde, 2022." Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie. p. 31. Retrieved on 1 April 2023.
  4. ^ ENGLISH AND SOFT SKILLS IN THE MAGHREB, 2016." British Council. p. 45. Retrieved on 17 February 2024.
  5. ^ "British Council – United Kingdom" (PDF). britishcouncil.org. May 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-05-13.
  6. ^ Saga, Ahlam Ben. Instituto Cervantes: 1.7 Million Moroccans Speak Spanish Archived 15 April 2021 at the Wayback Machine, Morocco World News, 29 Nov 2018. Retrieved 11 Apr 2022.
  7. ^ 2011 Constitution of Morocco Full text of the 2011 Constitution (French) Archived 2012-02-29 at the Wayback Machine
  8. ^ "La Francophonie dans le monde." (Archive) Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie. p. 16. Retrieved on 15 October 2012.
  9. ^ Ennaji, p. 164.
  10. ^ Ennaji, p. 162-163.
  11. ^ Francophonie: 88 Etats et gouvernements
  12. ^ a b Fernández Vítores, David (2014), La lengua española en Marruecos (PDF), ISBN 978-9954-22-936-1, archived from the original (PDF) on November 22, 2019

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