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Leadership, both as a research area and as a practical skill, encompasses the ability of an individual, group, or organization to "lead", influence, or guide other individuals, teams, or entire organizations.
"Leadership" is a contested term.[1] Specialist literature debates various viewpoints on the concept, sometimes contrasting Eastern and Western approaches to leadership, and also (within the West) North American versus European approaches.[2]
Some U.S. academic environments define leadership as "a process of social influence in which a person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common and ethical task".[3][page needed][4][need quotation to verify]—in other words, as an influential power-relationship in which the power of one party (the "leader") promotes movement/change in others (the "followers").[5] Some have challenged the more traditional managerial views of leadership (which portray leadership as something possessed or owned by one individual due to their role or authority), and instead advocate the complex nature of leadership which is found at all levels of institutions, both within formal[6] and informal roles.[7][page needed][need quotation to verify]
Studies of leadership have produced theories involving (for example) traits,[8] situational interaction,[9] function, behavior,[10] power, vision[11] and values,[12][need quotation to verify] charisma, and intelligence,[13] among others.[4]
Moral leadership is not the way to secure democracy, morality and justice because morality, like power and leadership is an essentially contested concept....[dead link]
Leadership is a contested term with multiple meanings and diverse practical applications.
...some define leadership in terms of the power relationship that exists between leaders and followers.
Interactionist leadership scholars also have argued that trait-based or situational accounts of leadership ignore how a leader can affect a situation or how a situation may influence leaders. [...] Interactionist theories of leadership link person–situation variables in a network of multidirectional relationships that attempt to capture the evolving nature of leadership.
...leadership is about the future; and the future is about vision.
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