Legislature XII of Italy

Legislature XII of Italy

XII legislatura della Repubblica Italiana
Legislature XII of Italy ; XII legislatura della Repubblica Italiana
12th legislature
Type
Type	bicameral
Houses	Chamber of Deputies; Senate of the Republic
History
Founded	15 April 1994
Disbanded	8 May 1996 (2 years, 23 days)
Preceded by	XI Legislature
Succeeded by	XIII Legislature
Leadership
President of the Senate	Carlo Scognamiglio, FI ; since 17 April 1994
President of the Chamber of Deputies	Irene Pivetti, LN ; since 16 April 1994
Structure
Seats	630 (C); 315 (S)
Chamber of Deputies political groups	PDS (164); FI (110); AN (105); LN (71); CCD (42); FLD (28); PPI (27); PRC (24); Dem (21); Mixed (36);
Senate political groups	PDS (74); AN (47); LN (40); FI (36); PPI (22); CCD (15); PRC (14); SC (13); PSI (10); SD (10); LIF (10); FdV–Rete (7); Mixed (27);
Elections
Chamber of Deputies voting system	Mattarellum
Senate voting system	Mattarellum
Last general election	27 March 1994
Meeting place
	Palazzo Montecitorio, Rome (C)
	Palazzo Madama, Rome (S)
Website
	storia.camera.it/legislature/leg-repubblica-XII; www.senato.it/leg12/home
Constitution
	Constitution of Italy

The Legislature XII of Italy (Italian: XII Legislatura della Repubblica Italiana) lasted from 15 April 1994 until 8 May 1996.^[1]^[2] Its composition was the one resulting from the snap general election of 27 March 1994. The election was called by President Scalfaro, after he dissolved the houses of Parliament on 16 January 1994.^[3] This decision was connected to some major events that permanently changed the shape of Italian internal politics during the beginning of the '90s, such as Tangentopoli and the Mafia trials.

This legislature marks the beginning of the so-called "Second Republic" (Italian: Seconda Repubblica), characterised by the progressive decline and dismantlement of the traditional parties, such as the Christian Democracy, the Italian Socialist Party, the Italian Communist Party, and the Italian Social Movement. It also marks the official entrance of Silvio Berlusconi in Italian politics.

This was the first legislature to apply the new majoritarian electoral system (also known as Mattarellum), which replaced the proportional system in effect since 1946.

^ "Senato della Repubblica – 12ª Legislatura". www.senato.it (in Italian). Retrieved 17 May 2019.
^ "XII Legislatura della Repubblica italiana / Legislature / Camera dei deputati – Portale storico". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Retrieved 17 May 2019.
^ "Accadde oggi | 16 gennaio: Scalfaro scioglie le Camere" (in Italian). Retrieved 17 May 2019.

[1] "Senato della Repubblica – 12ª Legislatura". www.senato.it (in Italian). Retrieved 17 May 2019.

[2] "XII Legislatura della Repubblica italiana / Legislature / Camera dei deputati – Portale storico". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Retrieved 17 May 2019.

[3] "Accadde oggi | 16 gennaio: Scalfaro scioglie le Camere" (in Italian). Retrieved 17 May 2019.

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