List of Apis mellifera subspecies

Apis mellifera, the western honey bee, has many subspecies. The most recent taxonomic revision in 1999 recognized 28 subspecies^[1] and three additional subspecies have been described since then (Apis mellifera pomonella in 2003, Apis mellifera simensis in 2011, and Apis mellifera sinisxinyuan in 2016; see below). Other sources recognize as many as 33 subspecies.^[2]

^ Michael S Engel (1999). "The taxonomy of recent and fossil honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae; Apis)". Journal of Hymenoptera Research. 8 (2): 180. Retrieved 4 January 2023.
^ Rustem A. Ilyasov, Myeong-lyeol Lee, Jun-ichi Takahashi, Hyung Wook Kwon, Alexey G. Nikolenko (2020). "A revision of subspecies structure of western honey bee Apis mellifera". Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 27 (12): 3615–3621. doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.08.001. PMC 7714978. PMID 33304172.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[Engel999-1] Michael S Engel (1999). "The taxonomy of recent and fossil honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae; Apis)". Journal of Hymenoptera Research. 8 (2): 180. Retrieved 4 January 2023.

[sciencedirect.com-2] Rustem A. Ilyasov, Myeong-lyeol Lee, Jun-ichi Takahashi, Hyung Wook Kwon, Alexey G. Nikolenko (2020). "A revision of subspecies structure of western honey bee Apis mellifera". Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 27 (12): 3615–3621. doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.08.001. PMC 7714978. PMID 33304172.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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