Back مالك عنبر Arabic Malik Ambar Catalan Malik Ambar German Malik Ambar French मलिक अंबर Hindi Malik Ambar ID Malik Ambar Italian മാലിക് അംബർ Malayalam मलिक अंबर Marathi Malik Ambar Dutch
Malik Ambar | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Birth name | Wako[3] Chapu[3] |
| Born | 1548[4] Adal Sultanate Harar[4] |
| Died | 13 May 1626 (aged 77–78) Khuldabad, Ahmadnagar Sultanate (Modern day Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India) |
| Buried | |
| Allegiance | Nizam Shah of Ahmednagar |
| Spouse(s) | Bibi Karima |
| Children | Fateh Khan Changiz Khan |
Malik Ambar (1548 – 13 May 1626) was a military leader who served as the Peshwa (Prime Minister) of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate in the Deccan region of India.[5]
Born in the Adal Sultanate, which comprised parts of present-day Ethiopia, Somalia, and Djibouti, Malik was sold by a slave merchant and brought to India as a slave. There he created a mercenary force numbering greater than 50,000 men. It was based in the Deccan region and was hired by local kings. Malik became a popular Prime Minister of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate, showing administrative acumen.[6]
He is also regarded as a pioneer in guerrilla warfare in the region. He is credited with carrying out a revenue settlement of much of the Deccan, which formed the basis for subsequent settlements. He is a figure of veneration to the Siddis of Gujarat. He challenged the might of the Mughals and Adil Shahs of Bijapur and raised the low status of the Nizam Shah.[7][8]
- ^ Sheikh Chand, Malik Ambar,"Ehde Afreen; Hyderabad; 1929
- ^ Times of India, Plus Supplement, July 1999,
- ^ a b Kenneth X. Robbins; John McLeod (2006). African Elites in India. Mapin. p. 50. ISBN 81-88204-73-0. OCLC 701823920.
- ^ a b "Malik Ambar: The Ethiopian slave who became a kingmaker in India".
- ^ "Malik Ambar: The African king who built Aurangabad and ruined the game for Mughals in the Deccan". 15 May 2020.
- ^ Sohoni, Pushkar (30 August 2018). The architecture of a Deccan sultanate: courtly practice and royal authority in late medieval India. London. pp. xx–xxv. ISBN 978-1-83860-927-6. OCLC 1090743377.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Maciszewski, Amelia (Winter–Spring 2005). "From Africa to India: Music of the Sidis and the Indian Ocean Diaspora (review)". Asian Music. 36 (1): 132–135. doi:10.1353/amu.2005.0008. S2CID 191611760.
- ^ Michell, George & Mark Zebrowski. Architecture and Art of the Deccan Sultanates (The New Cambridge History of India Vol. I:7), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999, ISBN 0-521-56321-6, p.11-12
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