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Marianismo

For the veneration of Mary, mother of Jesus in the Catholic Church, see Roman Catholic Mariology.
Marianismo derives from Roman Catholic and Hispanic American beliefs about Mary, mother of Jesus, providing a supposed ideal of true femininity as the "absolute role model" for adult and young Hispanic/Latina women.[1]

Marianismo is a Hispanic term that describes an ideal of true femininity with characteristics derived from the devotional cult of St. Mary of Guadalupe, a central figure of Roman Catholicism in Mexico. It defines standards for the female gender role in Hispanic American folk cultures, and is strictly intertwined with machismo and Roman Catholicism.[1]

Marianismo revolves around the veneration for feminine virtues like interpersonal harmony, inner strength, self-sacrifice, family, chastity, and morality among Hispanic/Latina women.[1][2][3] More ideals regarding the female gender role held within marianismo in Hispanic American culture include those of feminine passivity, sexual purity, and self-silencing.[1][2][3][4] Evelyn Stevens, political scientist, states: "[I]t teaches that women are semi-divine, morally superior to and spiritually stronger than men."[5][6]

  1. ^ a b c d Morales, Alejandro; Pérez, Oscar Fernando Rojas (18 September 2020). "Marianismo". In Carducci, Bernardo J.; Mio, Jeffrey S.; Nave, Christopher S.; Riggio, Ronald E. (eds.). The Wiley Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences: Clinical, Applied, and Cross-Cultural Research. Vol. IV. New York: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 247–251. doi:10.1002/9781119547181.ch306. ISBN 9781119057475. S2CID 243045231.
  2. ^ a b Nuñez, Alicia; González, Patricia; Talavera, Gregory A.; Sanchez-Johnsen, Lisa; Roesch, Scott C.; Davis, Sonia M.; Arguelles, William; Womack, Veronica Y.; Ostrovsky, Natania W.; Ojeda, Lizette; Penedo, Frank J.; Gallo, Linda C. (November 2016). "Machismo, Marianismo, and Negative Cognitive-Emotional Factors: Findings From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Sociocultural Ancillary Study". Journal of Latinx Psychology. 4 (4). Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association: 202–217. doi:10.1037/lat0000050. eISSN 2163-0070. ISSN 2168-1678. PMC 5102330. PMID 27840779. S2CID 3432059.
  3. ^ a b Da Silva, Nicole; De La Rosa, Mario; Dillon, Frank R.; Ertl, Melissa M.; Verdejo, Toni R. (May 2018). "Marianismo Beliefs, Intimate Partner Violence, and Psychological Distress Among Recently Immigrated, Young Adult Latinas". Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 36 (7–8). Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publications: 3755–3777. doi:10.1177/0886260518778263. eISSN 1552-6518. ISSN 0886-2605. LCCN sf93092056. OCLC 12879051. PMID 29806565. S2CID 44121465.
  4. ^ Kosmicki, Mia (September 2017). "Marianismo Identity, Self-Silencing, Depression and Anxiety in Women from Santa María de Dota, Costa Rica/Marianismo, auto-silenciamiento, depresión y ansiedad en mujeres de Santa María de Dota, Costa Rica". UNED Research Journal. 9 (2). San José, Costa Rica: Universidad Estatal a Distancia: 202–208. doi:10.22458/urj.v9i2.1895. eISSN 1659-441X. S2CID 55332980. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
  5. ^ Evelyn P. Stevens, "Marianismo: la otra cara del machismo en Latino-América"; in: Ann Pescatelo, Hembra y macho en Latino-América: Ensayos., Edición Diana, México 1977, p.123.
  6. ^ Navarro, Marysa (2002). "Against Marianismo". Gender's Place. pp. 257–272. doi:10.1007/978-1-137-12227-8_13. ISBN 978-1-4039-6040-5.

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