Marketing

Marketing is the act of acquiring, satisfying and retaining customers.^[3]^[4] It is one of the primary components of business management and commerce.^[5]

Marketing is usually conducted by the seller, typically a retailer or manufacturer. Products can be marketed to other businesses (B2B) or directly to consumers (B2C).^[6] Sometimes tasks are contracted to dedicated marketing firms, like a media, market research, or advertising agency. Sometimes, a trade association or government agency (such as the Agricultural Marketing Service) advertises on behalf of an entire industry or locality, often a specific type of food (e.g. Got Milk?), food from a specific area, or a city or region as a tourism destination.

Market orientations are philosophies concerning the factors that should go into market planning.^[7] The marketing mix, which outlines the specifics of the product and how it will be sold, including the channels that will be used to advertise the product,^[8]^[9] is affected by the environment surrounding the product,^[10] the results of marketing research and market research,^[11]^[12] and the characteristics of the product's target market.^[13] Once these factors are determined, marketers must then decide what methods of promoting the product,^[6] including use of coupons and other price inducements.^[14]

^ Siltanen, Rob (14 December 2011). "The Real Story Behind Apple's 'Think different' Campaign". Forbes. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
^ "Searching for Magic in India and Silicon Valley: An Interview with Daniel Kottke, Apple Employee #12". Boing Boing. 9 August 2012. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014. Retrieved 30 August 2012.
^ Cite error: The named reference Kotler2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "The Role of Customers in Marketing | Introduction to Business". Retrieved 11 August 2021.
^ Drucker, Peter (1954). The Practice of Management. New York: Harper & Row. p. 32.
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^ Diaz Ruiz, Carlos A. (2022). "The Insights Industry: Towards a Performativity Turn in Market Research". International Journal of Market Research. 64 (2): 169–186. doi:10.1177/14707853211039191. ISSN 1470-7853. S2CID 238711288.
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^ Julie Bosman (10 March 2006). "For Tobacco, Stealth Marketing Is the Norm". The New York Times.

[The_Real_Story-1] Siltanen, Rob (14 December 2011). "The Real Story Behind Apple's 'Think different' Campaign". Forbes. Retrieved 16 March 2019.

[2] "Searching for Magic in India and Silicon Valley: An Interview with Daniel Kottke, Apple Employee #12". Boing Boing. 9 August 2012. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014. Retrieved 30 August 2012.

[Kotler2-3] Cite error: The named reference Kotler2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[4] "The Role of Customers in Marketing | Introduction to Business". Retrieved 11 August 2021.

[5] Drucker, Peter (1954). The Practice of Management. New York: Harper & Row. p. 32.

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[:9-11] Diaz Ruiz, Carlos A. (2022). "The Insights Industry: Towards a Performativity Turn in Market Research". International Journal of Market Research. 64 (2): 169–186. doi:10.1177/14707853211039191. ISSN 1470-7853. S2CID 238711288.

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[MarketingCig.NYT-14] Julie Bosman (10 March 2006). "For Tobacco, Stealth Marketing Is the Norm". The New York Times.

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