Massive open online course

A massive open online course (MOOC /muːk/) or an open online course is an online course aimed at unlimited participation and open access via the Web.^[1] In addition to traditional course materials, such as filmed lectures, readings, and problem sets, many MOOCs provide interactive courses with user forums or social media discussions to support community interactions among students, professors, and teaching assistants (TAs), as well as immediate feedback to quick quizzes and assignments. MOOCs are a widely researched development in distance education,^[2] first introduced in 2008,^[3] that emerged as a popular mode of learning in 2012, a year called the "Year of the MOOC".^[4]^[5]^[6]

Early MOOCs (cMOOCs: Connectivist MOOCs) often emphasized open-access features, such as open licensing of content, structure and learning goals, to promote the reuse and remixing of resources. Some later MOOCs (xMOOCs: extended MOOCs) use closed licenses for their course materials while maintaining free access for students.^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]

^ Kaplan, Andreas M.; Haenlein, Michael (2016). "Higher education and the digital revolution: About MOOCs, SPOCs, social media, and the Cookie Monster". Business Horizons. 59 (4): 441–50. doi:10.1016/j.bushor.2016.03.008.
^ Cite error: The named reference CFP was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Siemens, G. (2013). Massive open online courses: Innovation in education. In McGreal, R., Kinuthia W., & Marshall S. (Eds), Open educational resources: Innovation, research and practice (pp. 5–16). Vancouver: Commonwealth of Learning and Athabasca University.
^ Cite error: The named reference pappano was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Lewin, Tamar (20 February 2013). "Universities Abroad Join Partnerships on the Web". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 21 February 2013. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
^ Leontyev, Alexey; Baranov, Dmitry (12 November 2013). "Massive Open Online Courses in Chemistry: A Comparative Overview of Platforms and Features". Journal of Chemical Education. 90 (11): 1533–1539. Bibcode:2013JChEd..90.1533L. doi:10.1021/ed400283x. ISSN 0021-9584.
^ Wiley, David. "The MOOC Misnomer Archived 1 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine". July 2012
^ Cheverie, Joan. "MOOCs and Intellectual Property: Ownership and Use Rights". Archived from the original on 7 July 2020. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
^ David F. Carr (20 August 2013). "Udacity hedges on open licensing for MOOCs". Information Week. Archived from the original on 25 October 2013. Retrieved 21 August 2013.
^ P. Adamopoulos, "What Makes a Great MOOC? An Interdisciplinary Analysis of Student Retention in Online Courses", ICIS 2013 Proceedings (2013) pp. 1–21 in AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) Archived 4 January 2014 at the Wayback Machine.

[1] Kaplan, Andreas M.; Haenlein, Michael (2016). "Higher education and the digital revolution: About MOOCs, SPOCs, social media, and the Cookie Monster". Business Horizons. 59 (4): 441–50. doi:10.1016/j.bushor.2016.03.008.

[CFP-2] Cite error: The named reference CFP was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[3] Siemens, G. (2013). Massive open online courses: Innovation in education. In McGreal, R., Kinuthia W., & Marshall S. (Eds), Open educational resources: Innovation, research and practice (pp. 5–16). Vancouver: Commonwealth of Learning and Athabasca University.

[pappano-4] Cite error: The named reference pappano was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[NYTimes030613-5] Lewin, Tamar (20 February 2013). "Universities Abroad Join Partnerships on the Web". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 21 February 2013. Retrieved 6 March 2013.

[6] Leontyev, Alexey; Baranov, Dmitry (12 November 2013). "Massive Open Online Courses in Chemistry: A Comparative Overview of Platforms and Features". Journal of Chemical Education. 90 (11): 1533–1539. Bibcode:2013JChEd..90.1533L. doi:10.1021/ed400283x. ISSN 0021-9584.

[MOOC_Misnomer-7] Wiley, David. "The MOOC Misnomer Archived 1 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine". July 2012

[8] Cheverie, Joan. "MOOCs and Intellectual Property: Ownership and Use Rights". Archived from the original on 7 July 2020. Retrieved 18 April 2013.

[RemixInfoWeek-9] David F. Carr (20 August 2013). "Udacity hedges on open licensing for MOOCs". Information Week. Archived from the original on 25 October 2013. Retrieved 21 August 2013.

[in_AIS_Electronic_Library_AISeL-10] P. Adamopoulos, "What Makes a Great MOOC? An Interdisciplinary Analysis of Student Retention in Online Courses", ICIS 2013 Proceedings (2013) pp. 1–21 in AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) Archived 4 January 2014 at the Wayback Machine.

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