Kingdom of the Moors and Romans Regnum Maurorum et Romanorum | |||||||||||||||||
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c. 477 | |||||||||||||||||
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Capital | Altava | ||||||||||||||||
Common languages | Berber, African Romance | ||||||||||||||||
Religion | Christianity[1] | ||||||||||||||||
Government | Monarchy | ||||||||||||||||
King | |||||||||||||||||
• c. 477 | (unknown) | ||||||||||||||||
• c. 508 | Masuna | ||||||||||||||||
• c. 541 | Mastigas | ||||||||||||||||
• 545–546 | John | ||||||||||||||||
• 546 – c. 570 | (unknown) | ||||||||||||||||
• c. 570 – 578 | Garmul | ||||||||||||||||
Historical era | Late antiquity | ||||||||||||||||
• Military independence from the Western Roman Empire | 429 | ||||||||||||||||
• Death of Gaiseric | 477 | ||||||||||||||||
• Decline | 578-599 | ||||||||||||||||
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Today part of | Algeria Morocco |
History of Algeria |
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The Mauro-Roman kingdom (Latin: Regnum Maurorum et Romanorum),[2] also described as the kingdom of Masuna,[3][4] was a Christian Berber kingdom which dominated much of the ancient Roman province of Mauretania Caesariensis from the capital city of Altava (in present-day Algeria). Scholars are in disagreement about whether the polity aimed for independence as a kingdom or was part of a loose confederation, an alternative hypothesis drawn from contextual knowledge about Berber tribal alliances.[5][6] In the fifth century, Roman control over the province weakened and Imperial resources had to be concentrated elsewhere, notably in defending the Roman Italy itself from invading Germanic tribes. Moors and Romans in Mauretania came to operate independently from the Empire. However, regional leaders may not have necessarily felt abandoned by the Romans.[5]
The rulers of this region repeatedly came into conflict with the Vandals of the neighboring Vandalic Kingdom, which had been established following the Vandalic conquest of the Roman province of Africa. The founder of the polity, Masuna, allied with the armies of the Eastern Roman Empire during their reconquest of Northern Africa in the Vandalic War. Following the Eastern Roman victory over the Vandals, local leaders maintained their alliance with the Eastern Roman Empire, assisting it in wars against invading Berbers of other tribes and kingdoms, such as the Kingdom of the Aurès.
Eventually, the diplomatic ties between the Eastern Roman Empire and the Altava polity broke down. The military leader Garmul, whom some historians identify as a successor king to Masuna's state, invaded the Eastern Roman Praetorian Prefecture of Africa in an attempt at capturing Roman territories. The smaller Kingdom of Altava has been proposed as a continuation of Masuna's state. Altava and surrounding kingdoms continued to rule over the Maghreb until the conquest of the region by the Umayyad Caliphate in the seventh and eighth centuries.
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