A Maxwell material is the most simple model viscoelastic material showing properties of a typical liquid. It shows viscous flow on the long timescale, but additional elastic resistance to fast deformations.[1] It is named for James Clerk Maxwell who proposed the model in 1867.[2][3] It is also known as a Maxwell fluid. A generalization of the scalar relation to a tensor equation lacks motivation from more microscopic models and does not comply with the concept of material objectivity. However, this criteria are fulfilled by the Upper-convected Maxwell model.
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