Species of fish
Milkfish
French Polynesia
Milkfish (locally bangús ) in a Philippine fish market
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Actinopterygii
Order:
Gonorynchiformes
Family:
Chanidae
Subfamily:
Chaninae
Genus:
Chanos Lacépède , 1803
Species:
C. chanos
Binomial name
Chanos chanos
Synonyms
Butirinus argenteus Jerdon , 1849
Butirinus maderaspatensis Jerdon, 1849
Chanos arabicus Lacepède , 1803
Chanos chloropterus Valenciennes , 1847
Chanos cyprinella Valenciennes, 1847
Chanos gardineri Regan , 1902
Chanos indicus (van Hasselt , 1823)
Chanos lubina Valenciennes, 1847
Chanos mento Valenciennes, 1847
Chanos mossambicus (Peters , 1852)
Chanos nuchalis Valenciennes, 1847
Chanos orientalis Valenciennes, 1847
Chanos salmoneus (Forster , 1801)
Chanos salmonoides Günther, 1879
Cyprinus pala Cuvier , 1829
Cyprinus palah (Cuvier, 1829)
Cyprinus tolo Cuvier, 1829
Leuciscus palah Cuvier, 1829
Leuciscus salmoneus (Forster, 1801)
Leuciscus zeylonicus Bennett , 1833
Lutodeira chanos (Forsskål , 1775)
Lutodeira chloropterus (Valenciennes, 1847)
Lutodeira indica van Hasselt, 1823
Lutodeira mossambica Peters, 1852
Lutodeira mossambicus Peters, 1852
Lutodeira salmonea (Forster, 1801)
Mugil chanos Forsskål, 1775
Mugil salmoneus Forster, 1801
The milkfish (Chanos chanos ) is a widespread species of ray-finned fish found throughout the Indo-Pacific . It is the sole living species in the family Chanidae , and the only living member of the genus Chanos .[ 2] [ 3] [ 4]
The repeating scientific name (tautonym ) is from Greek khanos (χάνος ‘mouth’).[ 5] [ 6]
The species has many common names. The Hawaiian name for the fish is awa , and in Tahitian it is ava . It is called bangús (Tagalog: [bɐˈŋus] ) in the Philippines , where it is popularly known as the national fish , although the National Commission for Culture and the Arts has stated that this is not the case as it has no basis in Philippine law.[ 7] In the Nauruan language , it is referred to as ibiya . Milkfish is also called bandeng or bolu in Indonesia .[ 8]
Chanos chanos occurs in the Indian Ocean and across the Pacific Ocean , from South Africa to Hawaii and the Marquesas, from California to the Galapagos, north to Japan, south to Australia. A single specimen was reported in 2012 in the eastern Mediterranean Sea.[ 9]
Milkfishes commonly live in tropical offshore marine waters around islands and along continental shelves, at depths of 1 to 30 m. They also frequently enter estuaries and rivers.[ 8]
^ Freyhof, J.; Sparks, J.S.; Kaymaram, F.; Feary, D.; Bishop, J.; Al-Husaini, M.; Almukhtar, M.; Hartmann, S.; Alam, S.; Al-Khalaf, K. (2019). "Chanos chanos " . IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019 : e.T60324A151598011. doi :10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T60324A151598011.en . Retrieved 19 November 2021 .
^ Eschmeyer, W. N.; R. Fricke, eds. (4 January 2016). "Catalog of Fishes" . California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 25 January 2016 .
^ Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2015). "Chanidae" in FishBase . October 2015 version.
^ Nelson, J. S. (2006). Fishes of the World (4th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 135–136. ISBN 978-0-471-25031-9 .
^ "Chanidae" . Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary . Merriam-Webster. “from Greek chanos mouth”
^ David Starr Jordan; et al. (1896). The Fishes of North and Middle America, pt. 1 . Government Printing Office. p. 414. OCLC 1052833 . from χάνος , the open mouth
^ Pangilinan, Leon Jr. (3 October 2014). "In Focus: 9 Facts You May Not Know About Philippine National Symbols" . National Commission for Culture and the Arts . Retrieved 8 January 2019 .
^ a b Cite error: The named reference FishBase
was invoked but never defined (see the help page ).
^ Atlas of Exotic Fishes in the Mediterranean Sea (Chanos chanos ). 2nd Edition. 2021. 366p. CIESM Publishers, Paris, Monaco.https://ciesm.org/atlas/fishes_2nd_edition/Chanos_chanos.pdf