Milwaukee Deep

Milwaukee Deep is located in Caribbean
Milwaukee Deep
Milwaukee Deep
Location of Milwaukee Deep north of Puerto Rico
Location map Puerto Rico trench - USGS
Perspective view of the sea floor of the Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. The Lesser Antilles are on the lower left side of the view and Florida is on the upper right. The purple sea floor at the center of the view is the Puerto Rico trench, the deepest part of the Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea.

19°35′N 66°30′W / 19.583°N 66.500°W / 19.583; -66.500

Milwaukee Deep, also known as the Milwaukee Depth, is part of the Puerto Rico Trench.[1] Together with the surrounding area, known as Brownson Deep, the Milwaukee Deep forms an elongated depression that constitutes the floor of the trench. As there is no geomorphological distinction between the two, it has been proposed that the use of both names to refer to distinct areas should be reviewed.[2]

The floor of the Puerto Rico Trench constitutes the deepest point in the Atlantic Ocean. During the Five Deeps Expedition, explorer Victor Vescovo achieved the first crewed descent to this location on 21 December 2018.[3] Media outlets overwhelmingly referred to the area as the Brownson Deep,[4][5][6] while the name Milwaukee Deep was used by others.[7] However, likely due to the factors mentioned above, the expedition has not used any particular name to refer to the site of their Atlantic dive.[3] It is named for the USS Milwaukee which was itself named for the city of Milwaukee.

The Puerto Rico Trench has a maximum depth of no more than 8,376 metres (27,480 ft; 4,580 fathoms), as directly measured by Vescovo during his 2018 descent to the Atlantic Ocean’s deepest point.[3] Previously, however, the depth of the Milwaukee Deep (when being used to refer to the Atlantic's deepest point) had been reported by various sources as 8,710 m (28,580 ft; 4,760 fathoms),[8] 8,740 m (28,670 ft; 4,780 fathoms),[2] or 8,750 m (28,710 ft; 4,780 fathoms).[1] It is just 76.0 miles (122.3 km; 66.0 nmi) north of the coast of Puerto Rico at Punto Palmas Altas in Manatí.[9][10]

  1. ^ a b Vaughan, T. Wayland; et al. (1940). "Chart I. - Major Ocean Basins with Depths Exceeding 4000 meters (I-XLV)" (PDF). earthguide.ucsd.edu. Retrieved 2014-08-25.
  2. ^ a b Stewart, Heather Ann (October 2019). "The five deeps: The location and depth of the deepest place in each of the world's oceans". Earth-Science Reviews. 197:102896: 102896. Bibcode:2019ESRv..19702896S. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102896 – via ResearchGate.
  3. ^ a b c "Atlantic Ocean". Five Deeps Expedition. Retrieved 2020-01-24.
  4. ^ "Exploring the Deepest Points on Planet Earth". hydro-international.com. Retrieved 2020-01-24.
  5. ^ "The last of the great explorers, The last of the great explorers". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 2020-01-24.
  6. ^ Raza, Azra (2019-11-10). "The last of the great explorers". 3 Quarks Daily. Retrieved 2020-01-24.
  7. ^ "Victor Vescovo record-setting quest to reach the bottom of each ocean". Popular Science. 5 September 2019. Retrieved 2020-01-24.
  8. ^ Lyman, J. (1954-03-18). "The Deepest Sounding in the North Atlantic". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 222 (1150): 334–336. Bibcode:1954RSPSA.222..334L. doi:10.1098/rspa.1954.0075. JSTOR 99222. S2CID 128815738.
  9. ^ "Milwaukee Depth | deepest point, Atlantic Ocean | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
  10. ^ Bulent Kastarlak (1958). "Low Cost Housing Development with Aided Self-Help Method in Bayamon, Commonwealth of Puerto Rico" (PDF). dspace.mit.edu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-08-26. Retrieved 2014-08-25.

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