Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp

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Mittelbau-Dora
Concentration camp
Supervised by American soldiers, German civilians from Nordhausen bury the corpses of prisoners found at Mittelbau-Dora in April 1945.
Germany (prewar borders) Show map of Germany Germany (current borders) Show map of Germany Thuringia Show map of Thuringia
Coordinates	51°32′7.8″N 10°44′54.8″E / 51.535500°N 10.748556°E / 51.535500; 10.748556
Other names	Nordhausen-Dora
Location	Nordhausen, Germany
Operated by	SS
Commandant	Otto Förschner (October 1944 – January 1945) Richard Baer (February 1945 – April 1945)
Original use	Subterranean fuel depot (tunnels)
Operational	28 August 1943 – early April 1945
Number of inmates	About 60,000
Killed	About 20,000
Liberated by	US Army (remaining installations)
Notable inmates	Jean Améry, Heinz Galinski

Mittelbau-Dora (also Dora-Mittelbau and Nordhausen-Dora) was a Nazi concentration camp located near Nordhausen in Thuringia, Germany. It was established in late summer 1943 as a subcamp of Buchenwald concentration camp, supplying slave labour from many Eastern countries occupied by Germany (including evacuated survivors of eastern extermination camps), for extending the nearby tunnels in the Kohnstein and for manufacturing the V-2 rocket and the V-1 flying bomb. In the summer of 1944, Mittelbau became an independent concentration camp with numerous subcamps of its own. In 1945, most of the surviving inmates were sent on death marches or crammed in trains of box-cars by the SS. On 11 April 1945, US troops freed the remaining prisoners.

The inmates at Dora-Mittelbau were treated in a brutal and inhumane manner, working 14-hour days and being denied access to basic hygiene, beds, and adequate rations. Around one in three of the roughly 60,000 prisoners who were sent to Dora-Mittelbau died.

Today, the site hosts a memorial and museum.