Mohamed Naguib | |
---|---|
محمد نجيب | |
![]() Official portrait, c. 1954 | |
1st President of Egypt | |
In office 18 June 1953 – 25 February 1954 | |
In office 27 February 1954 – 14 November 1954 | |
Prime Minister | Himself Gamal Abdel Nasser |
Preceded by | Position established (Fuad II as King of Egypt) |
Succeeded by | Gamal Abdel Nasser |
30th Prime Minister of Egypt | |
In office 8 March 1954 – 18 April 1954 | |
President | Himself |
Preceded by | Gamal Abdel Nasser |
Succeeded by | Gamal Abdel Nasser |
In office 7 September 1952 – 25 February 1954 | |
Monarch | Fuad II (until 18 June 1953) |
President | Himself (from 18 June 1953) |
Preceded by | Ali Maher |
Succeeded by | Gamal Abdel Nasser |
Minister of War and Navy | |
In office 7 September 1952 – 18 June 1953 | |
Prime Minister | Himself |
Preceded by | Ali Maher |
Succeeded by | Abdel Latif Boghdadi |
Personal details | |
Born | Khartoum, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan | 19 February 1901
Died | 28 August 1984 Cairo, Egypt | (aged 83)
Cause of death | Liver cirrhosis |
Political party | Military/Liberation Rally |
Spouse | |
Awards | Order of the Nile ![]() Order of the Republic ![]() |
Signature | ![]() |
Military service | |
Allegiance | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Branch/service | ![]() |
Years of service | 1918–1954[1] |
Rank | ![]() |
Unit | Infantry |
Battles/wars | |
Major General Mohamed Bey Naguib Youssef Qutb El-Qashlan (Arabic: محمد بي نجيب يوسف قطب القشلان; 19 February 1901 – 28 August 1984), known as simply Mohamed Naguib (محمد نجيب, Egyptian Arabic: [mæˈħæmmæd næˈɡiːb]), was an Egyptian military officer and revolutionary, who along with Gamal Abdel Nasser, was one of the two principal leaders of the Free Officers movement of 1952 that toppled the monarchy of Egypt and the Sudan (including modern day South Sudan), leading to the establishment of the Republic of Egypt,[2] and the independence of Sudan, and eventually South Sudan in 2010.[3][4]
A distinguished and decorated general who was wounded in action in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, he became the leader of the Free Officers Movement of nationalist army officers opposed to the continued presence of British troops in Egypt and Sudan, and the corruption and incompetence of King Farouk. Following the toppling of Farouk in July 1952, Naguib went on to serve as the head of the Revolutionary Command Council, the prime minister, and first president of Egypt, successfully negotiating the independence of Sudan (hitherto a condominium of Egypt and the United Kingdom), and the withdrawal of all British military personnel from Egypt. His tenure as president came to end in November 1954 due to disagreements with other members of the Free Officers, particularly Nasser, who forced him to resign and succeeded him as president.[2][5]
As Egypt has been ruled by various other Empires in history, and during times of independence it was usually ruled by non-ethnically Egyptian rulers such as Albanian dynasty of Muhammad Ali and the Greek dynasty of Cleopatra, Mohamed Naguib is commonly referred to as the first pure Egyptian ruler of Egypt in over 2500 years.[6][7]
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