NIRSpec

Near-Infrared Spectrograph

NIRSpec Instrument within the Astrium Cleanroom in Ottobrunn, Germany
Mission type	Astronomy
Operator	ESA with contributions from NASA
Website	ESA Europe Astrium Germany NASA United States
Mission duration	5 years (design) 10 years (goal)
Spacecraft properties
Manufacturer	Astrium
Launch mass	196 kg (432 lb)[1]
Start of mission
Launch date	December 25, 2021
Rocket	As part of JWST onboard Ariane 5
Launch site	Kourou ELA-3
Contractor	Arianespace
Main telescope
Type	Spectrograph
Wavelengths	0.6 μm (orange) to 5.0 μm (near-infrared)

The NIRSpec (Near-Infrared Spectrograph) is one of the four scientific instruments flown on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST).^[2] The JWST is the follow-on mission to the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and is developed to receive more information about the origins of the universe by observing infrared light from the first stars and galaxies. In comparison to HST, its instruments will allow looking further back in time and will study the so-called Dark Ages during which the universe was opaque, about 150 to 800 million years after the Big Bang.

The NIRSpec instrument is a multi-object spectrograph and is capable of simultaneously measuring the near-infrared spectrum of up to 100 objects like stars or galaxies with low, medium and high spectral resolutions. The observations are performed in a 3 arcmin × 3 arcmin field of view over the wavelength range from 0.6 μm to 5.0 μm. It also features a set of slits and an aperture for high contrast spectroscopy of individual sources, as well as an integral-field unit (IFU) for 3D spectroscopy.^[3] The instrument is a contribution of the European Space Agency (ESA) and is built by Astrium together with a group of European subcontractors.^[4]