Clubbing | |
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Other names | Drumstick fingers/toes, Hippocratic fingers/toes, digital clubbing, watch-glass nails[1] |
Clubbing | |
Specialty | Pulmonology |
Nail clubbing, also known as digital clubbing or clubbing, is a deformity of the finger or toe nails associated with a number of diseases, mostly of the heart and lungs.[2][3] When it occurs together with joint effusions, joint pains, and abnormal skin and bone growth it is known as hypertrophic osteoarthropathy.[4]
Clubbing is associated with lung cancer, lung infections, interstitial lung disease, cystic fibrosis, or cardiovascular disease.[5] Clubbing may also run in families,[5] and occur unassociated with other medical problems.[6][7]
The incidence of clubbing is unknown; it was present in about 1% of people admitted to an internal medicine unit of a hospital.[5] Clubbing has been recognized as a sign of disease since the time of Hippocrates.[5]
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