Back Narendra Modi Afrikaans Narendra Modi AN नरेंद्र मोदी ANP ناريندرا مودي Arabic ناريندرا مودى ARZ নৰেন্দ্ৰ মোদী Assamese Narendra Modi AST नरेन्द्र मोदी AWA Narendra Modi Aymara Narendra Modi Azerbaijani
Narendra Modi | |||||||||||||
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.jpg) Official portrait, 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Prime Minister of India | |||||||||||||
| Assumed office 26 May 2014 | |||||||||||||
| President | Pranab Mukherjee Ram Nath Kovind Droupadi Murmu | ||||||||||||
| Vice President | Mohammad Hamid Ansari Venkaiah Naidu Jagdeep Dhankhar | ||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Manmohan Singh | ||||||||||||
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| Leader of the House, Lok Sabha | |||||||||||||
| Assumed office 26 May 2014 | |||||||||||||
| Deputy | Gopinath Munde Sushma Swaraj Rajnath Singh Nitin Gadkari | ||||||||||||
| Speaker | Sumitra Mahajan Om Birla | ||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Sushilkumar Shinde | ||||||||||||
| Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha | |||||||||||||
| Assumed office 5 June 2014 | |||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Murli Manohar Joshi | ||||||||||||
| Constituency | Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh | ||||||||||||
| Chief Minister of Gujarat | |||||||||||||
| In office 7 October 2001 – 22 May 2014 | |||||||||||||
| Governor | |||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Keshubhai Patel | ||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Anandiben Patel | ||||||||||||
| Member of Gujarat Legislative Assembly | |||||||||||||
| In office 15 December 2002 – 16 May 2014 | |||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Kamlesh Patel | ||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Suresh Patel | ||||||||||||
| Constituency | Maninagar | ||||||||||||
| In office 24 February 2002 – 19 July 2002 | |||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Vajubhai Vala | ||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Vajubhai Vala | ||||||||||||
| Constituency | Rajkot II | ||||||||||||
| General Secretary (Organisation) of the Bharatiya Janata Party | |||||||||||||
| In office 5 January 1998[1] – 7 October 2001 | |||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Kushabhau Thakre | ||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Sanjay Joshi | ||||||||||||
| Personal details | |||||||||||||
| Born | Narendra Damodardas Modi 17 September 1950 Vadnagar, Bombay State, India | ||||||||||||
| Political party | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||||||||||||
| Spouse | [2] | ||||||||||||
| Residence | 7, Lok Kalyan Marg, New Delhi | ||||||||||||
| Alma mater | |||||||||||||
| Awards | List of awards and honours | ||||||||||||
| Signature | .svg) | ||||||||||||
| Website | |||||||||||||
Narendra Damodardas Modi[a] (born 17 September 1950) is an Indian politician who has served as the prime minister of India since 2014. Modi was the chief minister of Gujarat from 2001 to 2014 and is the member of parliament (MP) for Varanasi. He is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a right-wing Hindutva paramilitary volunteer organisation. He is the longest-serving prime minister outside the Indian National Congress.
Modi was born and raised in Vadnagar, Bombay State (present-day Gujarat), where he completed his secondary education. He was introduced to the RSS at the age of eight. Modi became a full-time worker for the RSS in Gujarat in 1971. The RSS assigned him to the BJP in 1985 and he rose through the party hierarchy, becoming general secretary in 1998.[b] In 2001, Modi was appointed chief minister of Gujarat and elected to the legislative assembly soon after. His administration is considered complicit in the 2002 Gujarat riots,[c] and has been criticised for its management of the crisis. According to official records, a little over 1,000 people were killed, three-quarters of whom were Muslim; independent sources estimated 2,000 deaths, mostly Muslim.[4] A Special Investigation Team appointed by the Supreme Court of India in 2012 found no evidence to initiate prosecution proceedings against him.[d] While his policies as chief minister were credited for encouraging economic growth, his administration was criticised for failing to significantly improve health, poverty and education indices in the state.[e]
In the 2014 Indian general election, Modi led the BJP to a parliamentary majority, the first for a party since 1984. His administration increased direct foreign investment, and reduced spending on healthcare, education, and social-welfare programmes. Modi began a high-profile sanitation campaign, and weakened or abolished environmental and labour laws. His demonetisation of banknotes in 2016 and introduction of the Goods and Services Tax in 2017 sparked controversy. Modi's administration launched the 2019 Balakot airstrike against an alleged terrorist training camp in Pakistan. The airstrike failed,[5][6] but the action had nationalist appeal.[7] Modi's party won the 2019 general election which followed. In its second term, his administration revoked the special status of Jammu and Kashmir, and introduced the Citizenship Amendment Act, prompting widespread protests, and spurring the 2020 Delhi riots in which Muslims were brutalised and killed by Hindu mobs.[8][9][10] Three controversial farm laws led to sit-ins by farmers across the country, eventually causing their formal repeal. Modi oversaw India's response to the COVID-19 pandemic, during which, according to the World Health Organization's estimates, 4.7 million Indians died.[11][12] In the 2024 general election, Modi's party lost its majority in the lower house of Parliament and formed a government leading the National Democratic Alliance coalition. Following a terrorist attack in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir, Modi presided over the 2025 India–Pakistan conflict, which resulted in a ceasefire.
Under Modi's tenure, India has experienced democratic backsliding and has shifted towards an authoritarian style of government, with a cult of personality centered around him.[f] As prime minister, he has received consistently high approval ratings within India. Modi has been described as engineering a political realignment towards right-wing politics. He remains a highly controversial figure domestically and internationally, over his Hindu nationalist beliefs and handling of the Gujarat riots, which have been cited as evidence of a majoritarian and exclusionary social agenda.[g]
- ^ "Narendra Modi Fast Facts". CNN. 6 September 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
- ^ "Jashodaben, named by Narendra Modi as his wife, prays for him to become PM". NDTV. Press Trust of India. 11 April 2014. Archived from the original on 17 July 2020. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
- ^ Marino 2014, pp. 4–5.
- ^ * Jaffrelot, Christophe (2021), Modi's India: Hindu Nationalism and the Rise of Ethnic Democracy, translated by Schoch, Cynthia, Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, pp. 40–41, ISBN 978-0-691-20680-6, archived from the original on 22 June 2023, retrieved 22 June 2023
- Shahani, Nishant (2021), Pink Revolutions: Globalization, Hindutva, and Queer Triangles in Contemporary India, Critical Ethnic Studies Association series, Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press, ISBN 978-0-8101-4363-0, archived from the original on 22 June 2023, retrieved 22 June 2023
- Dhattiwala, Raheel (2019), Keeping the Peace: Spatial Differences in Hindu-Muslim Violence in Gujarat in 2002, Cambridge University Press, p. 73, ISBN 978-1-108-49759-6, archived from the original on 22 June 2023, retrieved 22 June 2023
- Kinnvall, Catarina (2019), "Populism, ontological insecurity and Hindutva: Modi and the masculinization of Indian politics", Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 32 (3): 238–302, 295, doi:10.1080/09557571.2019.1588851, ISSN 0955-7571, S2CID 164991567
- ^ Lalwani, Sameer; Tallo, Emily (17 April 2019), "Did India shoot down a Pakistani F-16 in February? This just became a big deal: There are broader implications for India — and the United States", Washington Post, archived from the original on 30 November 2020, retrieved 27 January 2023
- ^ Hall, Ian (2019), "India's 2019 General Election: National Security and the Rise of the Watchmen", The Round Table: The Commonwealth Journal of International Affairs, 108 (5): 507–519, 510, doi:10.1080/00358533.2019.1658360, hdl:10072/387751, S2CID 203266692
- ^ Jaffrelot, Christophe (2021), Modi's India: Hindu Nationalism and the Rise of Ethnic Democracy, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-22309-4
- ^ Ellis-Peterson, Hannah; Azizur Rahman, Shaikh (6 March 2020), "'I cannot find my father's body': Delhi's fearful Muslims mourn riot dead", The Guardian, Delhi, archived from the original on 6 March 2020, retrieved 7 March 2020
- ^ Wamsley, Laurel; Frayer, Lauren (26 February 2020), In New Delhi, Days Of Deadly Violence And Riots, NPR, archived from the original on 4 March 2020, retrieved 25 March 2020
- ^ Abi-Habib, Maria (5 March 2020), "Violence in India Threatens Its Global Ambitions", The New York Times, archived from the original on 5 March 2020, retrieved 6 March 2020
- ^ Grimley, Naomi; Cornish, Jack; Stylianou, Nassos (5 May 2022). "Covid: World's true pandemic death toll nearly 15 million, says WHO". BBC News. Archived from the original on 13 May 2022. Retrieved 22 August 2022.
- ^ Biswas, Soutik (5 May 2022). "Why India's real Covid toll may never be known". BBC. Archived from the original on 21 August 2022. Retrieved 22 August 2022.
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