National Republican Guard (Italy)

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National Republican Guard Guardia Nazionale Repubblicana
GNR Insignia
Active	8 December 1943 – 28 April 1945
Country	Italian Social Republic
Type	Gendarmerie, Militia
Size	140,000
Garrison/HQ	Rome (before 4 June 1944) Brescia (after 4 June 1944)
Engagements	World War II Italian Civil War Italian Campaign
Commanders
1st Commander	Renato Ricci (8 Dec 1943 – 21 Aug 1944)
2nd Commander	Benito Mussolini (21 Aug 1944 – 28 Apr 1945)

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The Italian National Republican Guard (Italian: Guardia Nazionale Repubblicana, or GNR) was a gendarmerie force of the Italian Social Republic created by decree on 8 December 1943, replacing the Carabinieri and the National Security Volunteer Militia (MVSN). General Renato Ricci appointed as its commandant. Major General Italo Romegialli was appointed vice commandant and Major General Niccolò Nicchiarelli became the chief of general staff.

The GNR included former Carabinieri, MVSN militiamen, police officers, and members of the Italian African Police (PAI). While being an autonomous armed force before August 1944, on 15 August 1944, the National Republican Guard became a part of the army of the Italian Social Republic. However, it continued carrying out security tasks behind the lines and provided aid to German forces. On 21 August 1944 Benito Mussolini assumed direct command. On 23 August 1944, a separate division, GNR Division Etna, was formed in Brescia under the command of General Volante, to perform anti-paratrooper and anti-aircraft duties. Another division, GNR Vesuvio, was later formed.