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Names | |||
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Preferred IUPAC name
Nitrobenzene | |||
Other names
Nitrobenzol
Nitritebenzene Oil of mirbane | |||
Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol)
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507540 | |||
ChEBI | |||
ChEMBL | |||
ChemSpider | |||
ECHA InfoCard | 100.002.469 | ||
EC Number |
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50357 | |||
KEGG | |||
PubChem CID
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RTECS number |
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UNII | |||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |||
C6H5NO2 | |||
Molar mass | 123.11 g/mol | ||
Appearance | yellowish, oily liquid[1] | ||
Odor | pungent, like paste shoe polish[1] to almond-like | ||
Density | 1.199 g/cm3 | ||
Melting point | 5.7 °C (42.3 °F; 278.8 K) | ||
Boiling point | 210.9 °C (411.6 °F; 484.0 K) | ||
0.19 g/100 ml at 20 °C | |||
Vapor pressure | 0.3 mmHg (25°C)[1] | ||
-61.80·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
Viscosity | 1.8112 mPa·s[2] | ||
Hazards | |||
GHS labelling: | |||
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Danger | |||
H301, H311, H331, H351, H360, H372, H412 | |||
P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P281, P301+P310, P302+P352, P304+P340, P308+P313, P311, P312, P314, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P403+P233, P405, P501 | |||
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
Flash point | 88 °C (190 °F; 361 K) | ||
480 °C (896 °F; 753 K) | |||
Explosive limits | 1.8%-?[1] | ||
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LD50 (median dose)
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780 mg/kg (rat, oral) 600 mg/kg (rat, oral) 590 mg/kg (mouse, oral) [3] | ||
LDLo (lowest published)
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750 mg/kg (dog, oral)[3] | ||
NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible)
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TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3) [skin][1] | ||
REL (Recommended)
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TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3) [skin][1] | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger)
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200 ppm[1] | ||
Related compounds | |||
Related compounds
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Aniline Benzenediazonium chloride Nitrosobenzene | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Nitrobenzene is an aromatic nitro compound and the simplest of the nitrobenzenes, with the chemical formula C6H5NO2. It is a water-insoluble pale yellow oil with an almond-like odor. It freezes to give greenish-yellow crystals. It is produced on a large scale from benzene as a precursor to aniline. In the laboratory, it is occasionally used as a solvent, especially for electrophilic reagents.
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