Nitroglycerin (medication)

Nitroglycerin
Clinical data
Trade names	Nitrol, others
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a601086
Routes of; administration	Sublingual, transdermal, by mouth, intravenous
ATC code	C01DA02 (WHO) C05AE01 (WHO);
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S3 (Pharmacist only); UK: P (Pharmacy medicines); US: ℞-only;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	<1%
Metabolism	liver (rapid), red blood cells, vascular wall
Elimination half-life	3 minutes
Excretion	In urine, in bile
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 1,3-dinitrooxypropan-2-yl nitrate; [3-(nitrooxy)-2-[(nitrooxy)methyl]propyl] nitrate; 1,2,3-trinitroxy propane;
CAS Number	55-63-0;
PubChem CID	4510;
IUPHAR/BPS	7053;
DrugBank	DB00727 ;
ChemSpider	4354 ;
UNII	G59M7S0WS3;
ChEBI	CHEBI:28787 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL730 ;
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C3H5N3O9
Molar mass	227.085 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES C(C(CO[N+](=O)[O-])O[N+](=O)[O-])O[N+](=O)[O-];
	InChI InChI=1S/C3H5N3O9/c7-4(8)13-1-3(15-6(11)12)2-14-5(9)10/h3H,1-2H2 ; Key:SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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Nitroglycerin, also known as glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), is a vasodilator used for heart failure, high blood pressure (hypertension), anal fissures, painful periods, and to treat and prevent chest pain caused by decreased blood flow to the heart (angina) or due to the recreational use of cocaine.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] This includes chest pain from a heart attack.^[1] It is taken by mouth, under the tongue, applied to the skin, or by injection into a vein.^[1]

^ ^a ^b ^c "Nitroglycerin". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
^ Fenton C, Wellington K, Easthope SE (2006). "0.4% nitroglycerin ointment: in the treatment of chronic anal fissure pain". Drugs. 66 (3): 343–9. doi:10.2165/00003495-200666030-00006. PMID 16526822. S2CID 46984485.
^ Morgan PJ, Kung R, Tarshis J (May 2002). "Nitroglycerin as a uterine relaxant: a systematic review". Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada. 24 (5): 403–9. doi:10.1016/S1701-2163(16)30403-0. PMID 12196860.
^ O'Leary ME, Hancox JC (May 2010). "Role of voltage-gated sodium, potassium and calcium channels in the development of cocaine-associated cardiac arrhythmias". British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 69 (5): 427–42. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03629.x. PMC 2856043. PMID 20573078.