Northern Liang

Northern Liang (北涼) 建康 (397–399), 涼 (399–401, 431–433), 張掖 (401–412), 河西 (412–431, 433–441, 442–460), 酒泉 (441–442)
397–439 442–460 (in Gaochang)
400 ROURAN KHAGANATE Kyrgyzs Kokel Gaoju Turks CHAM- PA FUNAN Sargat Khotan HYMYAR EASTERN JIN NORTHERN WEI GOGU- RYEO WESTERN SATRAPS VAKA- TAKAS GUPTA EMPIRE KIDARITES XIONITES AFRIGHIDS SASANIAN EMPIRE BYZANTINE EMPIRE HUNS Jushi TOCHARIANS TUYUHUN N. LIANG Paleo-Siberians Samoyeds Tungus MEROË AKSUM Northern Liang and other Asian polities in 400 AD
Northern Liang at its greatest extent in 436 AD
Status	Vassal of Later Qin, Eastern Jin, Northern Wei, Liu Song
Capital	Jiankang (397–398) Zhangye (398–412) Guzang (412–439) Jiuquan (440–441) Dunhuang (441–442)
Capital-in-exile	Shanshan (442) Gaochang (442–460)
Government	Monarchy
Prince
• 397–401	Duan Ye
• 401–433	Juqu Mengxun
• 433–439	Juqu Mujian
• 442–444	Juqu Wuhui
• 444–460	Juqu Anzhou
Preceded by Succeeded by Later Liang (Sixteen Kingdoms) Southern Liang (Sixteen Kingdoms) Western Qin Northern Wei Gaochang
Today part of	China Mongolia

The Northern Liang (Chinese: 北涼; pinyin: Běi Liáng; 397–439)^[3] was a dynastic state of China and one of the Sixteen Kingdoms in Chinese history. It was ruled by the Juqu (沮渠) family of Lushui Hu (盧水胡) ethnicity,^[3] though they are sometimes categorized as Xiongnu in some historiographies.^[4] Although Duan Ye of Han ethnicity was initially enthroned as the Northern Liang ruler with support from the Juqu clan, Duan was subsequently overthrown in 401 and Juqu Mengxun was proclaimed monarch.

All rulers of the Northern Liang proclaimed themselves "wang" (translatable as either "prince" or "king"). It was also only known as "Liang" (涼) from 399 to 401 and from 431 to 433, as their rulers took on several lesser titles while they were acting as vassals. To distinguish with the other Liang states, they were given the prefix of "Northern" by historiographers as they controlled northern Gansu when they first established. They later went on to rule the entirety of the Hexi Corridor with the key city of Guzang (姑臧, in modern Wuwei, Gansu) as their capital.

After Northern Liang fell, remnants of the Juqu clan fled and occupied the oasis city of Gaochang in 442, where they restored their state as the "Northern Liang of Gaochang" (Chinese: 高昌北涼; pinyin: Gāochāng Běi Liáng; 442–460).