Nymphaea alba

European white water lily
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Order:	Nymphaeales
Family:	Nymphaeaceae
Genus:	Nymphaea
Species:	N. alba
Binomial name
	Nymphaea alba; L.
Subspecies
	Nymphaea alba subsp. alba; Nymphaea alba subsp. occidentalis (Ostenf.) Hyl.;
Synonyms
	Of Nymphaea alba: List Castalia alba (L.) Greene ; Leuconymphaea alba (L.) Kuntze ; Of Nymphaea alba subsp. alba: List Castalia biradiata (Sommerauer) Hayek ; Castalia minoriflora Simonk. ; Castalia speciosa Salisb. ; Nymphaea alba var. angustata Casp. ; Nymphaea alba subsp. biradiata (Sommerauer) Hartm. ; Nymphaea alba var. biradiata (Sommerauer) Hartm. ; Nymphaea alba var. chlorocarpa Casp. ; Nymphaea alba var. chlorocarpa Casp. ; Nymphaea alba var. cincta Casp. ; Nymphaea alba var. circumvallata Casp. ; Nymphaea alba f. coronata Casp. ; Nymphaea alba f. csepelensis Soó ; Nymphaea alba var. delicata Lovassy ; Nymphaea alba var. depressa Casp. ; Nymphaea alba var. erythrocarpa Casp. ; Nymphaea alba var. erythrocarpa (Hentze) Casp. ; Nymphaea alba var. flava Casp. ; Nymphaea alba var. froebelii Lovassy ; Nymphaea alba var. melocarpa Casp. ; Nymphaea alba var. minor Mérat ; Nymphaea alba var. minoriflora (Simonk.) Asch. & Graebn. ; Nymphaea alba var. minoriflora (Simonk.) Graebn. ; Nymphaea alba subsp. minoriflora (Simonk.) Stucchi ; Nymphaea alba var. parvifolia Rouy & Foucaud ; Nymphaea alba var. rubra Lönnr. ; Nymphaea alba var. semiaperta Casp. ; Nymphaea alba var. sphaerocarpa Casp. ; Nymphaea alba var. splendens Casp. ; Nymphaea alba var. urceolata (Hentze) Casp. ; Nymphaea basniniana Turcz. ; Nymphaea biradiata Sommerauer ; Nymphaea candida f. biradiata (Sommerauer) Lindstr. ; Nymphaea erythrocarpa Hentze ; Nymphaea exumbonata Rupr. ; Nymphaea gladstoniana Lovassy ; Nymphaea kosteletzkyi Lehm. ; Nymphaea melocarpa (Casp.) Asch. & Graebn. ; Nymphaea milletii Boreau ; Nymphaea minoriflora (Simonk.) Wissjul. ; Nymphaea neglecta Hausl. ; Nymphaea officinalis Gaterau ; Nymphaea parviflora Hentze ; Nymphaea permixta Boreau ; Nymphaea polystigma E.H.L.Krause ; Nymphaea rotundifolia Hentze ; Nymphaea sphaerocarpa Hovey ; Nymphaea splendens Hentze ; Nymphaea suaveolens Dumort. ; Nymphaea urceolata Hentze ; Nymphaea venusta Hentze ; Of Nymphaea alba subsp. occidentalis: List Nymphaea alba var. occidentalis Ostenf. ; Nymphaea occidentalis (Ostenf.) Moss ;

Nymphaea alba, the white waterlily, European white water lily or white nenuphar /ˈnɛnjʊfɑːr/, is an aquatic flowering plant in the family Nymphaeaceae.^[5]^[6]^[7] It is native to North Africa, temperate Asia, Europe and tropical Asia (Jammu and Kashmir).^[8]

^ Akhani, H. (2014). "Nymphaea alba". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T164237A63306122. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-2.RLTS.T164237A63306122.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ ^a ^b "Nymphaea alba L." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 11 January 2024.
^ "Nymphaea alba subsp. alba". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 11 January 2024.
^ "Nymphaea alba subsp. occidentalis (Ostenf.) Hyl". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 11 January 2024.
^ "nenuphar". The Chambers Dictionary (9th ed.). Chambers. 2003. ISBN 0-550-10105-5.
^ "nenuphar". Lexico. Archived from the original on 2022-04-01. Retrieved 2022-04-01.
^ Cite error: The named reference minn was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "Taxon: Nymphaea alba L." Retrieved 23 October 2017.

[iucn_status_12_November_2021-1] Akhani, H. (2014). "Nymphaea alba". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T164237A63306122. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-2.RLTS.T164237A63306122.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[POWO,_2024_a-2] "Nymphaea alba L." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 11 January 2024.

[POWO,_2024_b-3] "Nymphaea alba subsp. alba". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 11 January 2024.

[POWO,_2024_c-4] "Nymphaea alba subsp. occidentalis (Ostenf.) Hyl". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 11 January 2024.

[5] "nenuphar". The Chambers Dictionary (9th ed.). Chambers. 2003. ISBN 0-550-10105-5.

[6] "nenuphar". Lexico. Archived from the original on 2022-04-01. Retrieved 2022-04-01.

[minn-7] Cite error: The named reference minn was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Grin-8] "Taxon: Nymphaea alba L." Retrieved 23 October 2017.

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European white water lily

Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)^[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Order:	Nymphaeales
Family:	Nymphaeaceae
Genus:	Nymphaea
Species:	N. alba
Binomial name
*Nymphaea alba* L.
Subspecies^[2]
Nymphaea alba subsp. alba Nymphaea alba subsp. occidentalis (Ostenf.) Hyl.

Synonyms
Of Nymphaea alba:^[2] List Castalia alba (L.) Greene Leuconymphaea alba (L.) Kuntze Of Nymphaea alba subsp. alba:^[3] List Castalia biradiata (Sommerauer) Hayek Castalia minoriflora Simonk. Castalia speciosa Salisb. Nymphaea alba var. angustata Casp. Nymphaea alba subsp. biradiata (Sommerauer) Hartm. Nymphaea alba var. biradiata (Sommerauer) Hartm. Nymphaea alba var. chlorocarpa Casp. Nymphaea alba var. chlorocarpa Casp. Nymphaea alba var. cincta Casp. Nymphaea alba var. circumvallata Casp. Nymphaea alba f. coronata Casp. Nymphaea alba f. csepelensis Soó Nymphaea alba var. delicata Lovassy Nymphaea alba var. depressa Casp. Nymphaea alba var. erythrocarpa Casp. Nymphaea alba var. erythrocarpa (Hentze) Casp. Nymphaea alba var. flava Casp. Nymphaea alba var. froebelii Lovassy Nymphaea alba var. melocarpa Casp. Nymphaea alba var. minor Mérat Nymphaea alba var. minoriflora (Simonk.) Asch. & Graebn. Nymphaea alba var. minoriflora (Simonk.) Graebn. Nymphaea alba subsp. minoriflora (Simonk.) Stucchi Nymphaea alba var. parvifolia Rouy & Foucaud Nymphaea alba var. rubra Lönnr. Nymphaea alba var. semiaperta Casp. Nymphaea alba var. sphaerocarpa Casp. Nymphaea alba var. splendens Casp. Nymphaea alba var. urceolata (Hentze) Casp. Nymphaea basniniana Turcz. Nymphaea biradiata Sommerauer Nymphaea candida f. biradiata (Sommerauer) Lindstr. Nymphaea erythrocarpa Hentze Nymphaea exumbonata Rupr. Nymphaea gladstoniana Lovassy Nymphaea kosteletzkyi Lehm. Nymphaea melocarpa (Casp.) Asch. & Graebn. Nymphaea milletii Boreau Nymphaea minoriflora (Simonk.) Wissjul. Nymphaea neglecta Hausl. Nymphaea officinalis Gaterau Nymphaea parviflora Hentze Nymphaea permixta Boreau Nymphaea polystigma E.H.L.Krause Nymphaea rotundifolia Hentze Nymphaea sphaerocarpa Hovey Nymphaea splendens Hentze Nymphaea suaveolens Dumort. Nymphaea urceolata Hentze Nymphaea venusta Hentze Of Nymphaea alba subsp. occidentalis:^[4] List Nymphaea alba var. occidentalis Ostenf. Nymphaea occidentalis (Ostenf.) Moss