Operating reserve

An idealized representation of the four kinds of reserve power and the time intervals after an unexpected failure that they are in use.^[1]

In electricity networks, the operating reserve is the generating capacity available to the system operator within a short interval of time to meet demand in case a generator goes down or there is another disruption to the supply. Most power systems are designed so that, under normal conditions, the operating reserve is always at least the capacity of the largest supplier plus a fraction of the peak load.^[2]

^ B. J. Kirby, Spinning Reserve From Responsive Loads, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, March 2003.
^ Jianxue Wang; Xifan Wang and Yang Wu, Operating Reserve Model in the Power Market, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 20, No. 1, February 2005.

[1] B. J. Kirby, Spinning Reserve From Responsive Loads, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, March 2003.

[2] Jianxue Wang; Xifan Wang and Yang Wu, Operating Reserve Model in the Power Market, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 20, No. 1, February 2005.

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