Back منظمة إكس (اليونان) Arabic Organisation X German Οργάνωση Χ Greek Organizzazione X Italian Organizacja Narodowego Oporu Wewnętrznego X Polish
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| Organization X Οργάνωσις Χ | |
|---|---|
  Emblem and flag of the Organization X | |
| Leaders | Georgios Grivas |
| Dates of operation | 1941 – 22 January 1949[1] |
| Ideology | Greek nationalism Royalism Anti-communism Right-wing populism |
| Political position | Right-wing[2][3] |
| Size | 200,000 (1946) |
| Part of | Panhellenic Liberation Coalition (PAS) |
| Allies |  Greek government-in-exileEDES  Hellenic GendarmerieCities Police  British ArmySecurity Battalions (since late 1944)[4] |
| Opponents | EAM ELAS  Communist Party of GreeceAxis occupation forces of Greece |
| Battles and wars | Greek Civil War Dekemvriana |
The Organization X (Greek: Οργάνωσις Χ; commonly referred to simply as X ("Chi" in Greek), and members as Chites (Χίτες)) was a paramilitary right-wing anti-communist royalist organization set up in 1941 during the Axis occupation of Greece.[2][3]
Initially an anti-Axis resistance organization, it gradually shifted its focus towards anti-communism.[5] In 1951, X was officially recognized as a National Organization of Internal Resistance by the Greek Ministry of National Defense.[6]
Following the end of the Axis occupation, it played an active role in the persecution of communists during the White Terror and various military operations of the Greek Civil War, most notably the Dekemvriana.
- ^ Machlouzaridēs, Panagiōtēs S. (1985). Kypros, 1940-1960 : hemerologio ton exelixeon (in Greek). p. 169.
Στις 22.1.1949 διατάχθηκε η διάλυση της οργάνωσης Χ.
- ^ a b Marks, Thomas A.; Bateman, Kirklin J. (2020). Perspectives on the American Way of War: The U.S. Experience in Irregular Conflict. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-71304-6.
...the right wing and staunchly royalist 'X' organization
- ^ a b Cook, Bernard A. (2014). Europe Since 1945: An Encyclopedia. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-17939-7.
...the paramilitary right-wing Organization X
- ^ Dimitris Kousouris, pp. 100-101
- ^ Zaousēs, Alexandros L. (1992). Η τραγική αναμέτρηση: 1945-1949 : ο μύθος και η αλήθεια (in Greek). Εκδ. Ωκεανίδα. p. 103. ISBN 978-960-7213-42-6.
Προοδευτικά μετεβλήθη σε καθαρώς αντικομμουνιστική οργάνωση με δράση στην Αθήνα...
- ^ Tsirkinidēs, Charēs (1999). Agōnes chōris dikaiōsē--: hē tragōdia tou Hellēnismou tēs Kyprou kai tēs Kōnstantinoupolēs mesa apo ta Gallika archeia (in Greek). Ekdoseis Erōdios. p. 72. ISBN 978-960-7942-02-9.
Το 1951, το υπουργείο Στρατιωτικών ανακήρυξε την οργάνωση « Χ » αντιστασιακή κατά των Γερμανών.
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