PD-L1

CD274
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 3BIK, 3BIS, 3FN3, 3SBW, 4Z18, 4ZQK, 5C3T, 5J89, 5J8O
Identifiers
Aliases	CD274, B7-H, B7H1, PD-L1, PDCD1L1, PDCD1LG1, PDL1, CD274 molecule, Programmed cell death ligand 1, hPD-L1
External IDs	OMIM: 605402; MGI: 1926446; HomoloGene: 8560; GeneCards: CD274; OMA:CD274 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 9 (human)[1] Band 9p24.1 Start 5,450,503 bp[1] End 5,470,566 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 19 (mouse)[2] Band 19|19 C1 Start 29,344,855 bp[2] End 29,365,495 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in cartilage tissue placenta lower lobe of lung pancreatic epithelial cell upper lobe of left lung right lung myocardium of left ventricle appendix pancreatic ductal cell testicle Top expressed in mesenteric lymph nodes subcutaneous adipose tissue iris thymus brown adipose tissue blood spleen tunica adventitia of aorta granulocyte ciliary body More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding Cellular component integral component of membrane membrane cell surface extracellular exosome external side of plasma membrane endomembrane system plasma membrane early endosome membrane recycling endosome membrane endosome Biological process negative regulation of interleukin-10 production response to cytokine negative regulation of interferon-gamma production negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor superfamily cytokine production positive regulation of cell migration T cell costimulation toxin transport negative regulation of activated T cell proliferation regulation of activated T cell proliferation cell surface receptor signaling pathway negative regulation of T cell proliferation regulation of T cell apoptotic process immune response positive regulation of T cell proliferation signal transduction regulation of activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process positive regulation of activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process positive regulation of tolerance induction to tumor cell negative regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation immune system process negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation cellular response to lipopolysaccharide adaptive immune response Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 29126 60533 Ensembl ENSG00000120217 ENSMUSG00000016496 UniProt Q9NZQ7 Q9EP73 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001314029 NM_001267706 NM_014143 NM_021893 RefSeq (protein) NP_001254635 NP_001300958 NP_054862 NP_068693 Location (UCSC) Chr 9: 5.45 – 5.47 Mb Chr 19: 29.34 – 29.37 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) also known as cluster of differentiation 274 (CD274) or B7 homolog 1 (B7-H1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD274 gene.^[5]

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a 40kDa type 1 transmembrane protein that has been speculated to play a major role in suppressing the adaptive arm of immune systems during particular events such as pregnancy, tissue allografts, autoimmune disease and other disease states such as hepatitis. Normally the adaptive immune system reacts to antigens that are associated with immune system activation by exogenous or endogenous danger signals. In turn, clonal expansion of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells and/or CD4+ helper cells is propagated. The binding of PD-L1 to the inhibitory checkpoint molecule PD-1 transmits an inhibitory signal based on interaction with phosphatases (SHP-1 or SHP-2) via Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-Based Switch Motif (ITSM).^[6] This reduces the proliferation of antigen-specific T-cells in lymph nodes, while simultaneously reducing apoptosis in regulatory T cells (anti-inflammatory, suppressive T cells) – further mediated by a lower regulation of the gene Bcl-2.^{[citation needed]}. PD-L1 is expressed on both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells in tissues. However, the exact roles of PD-L1 on hematopoietic versus nonhematopoietic cells in modulating immune responses are unclear ^[7].