Parliamentary republics with an executive president

A parliamentary republic with an executive president, is a form of parliamentary democracy where the head of state is also the head of government (chief executive) at the same time and derives their democratic legitimacy from their ability to command the support ("confidence") of a majority of the legislature, to which they are held accountable. This is in contrast to a presidential system, which features a president who is not fully accountable to the legislature, and cannot be replaced by a simple majority vote. In contrast to other parliamentary systems where the head of government is, distinct from a head of state (bikephality), this system is characterized by a combined head of state and head of government (monokephality) in the form of an executive president who is usually (but not always) elected by the legislature. Under both systems, they must maintain the confidence of the legislature to remain in office. In effect, "presidents" in this system function the same as prime ministers do in other parliamentary systems, but also possess powers traditionally exerted by a head of state, e.g. signing and promulgating laws passed by the respective parliaments, granting pardons, etc.