Pashmina (material)

Pashmina (/pʌʃˈmiːnə, pæʃ-/, also US: /pɑːʃ-/)^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] refers to, depending on the source, the cashmere wool of the Changthangi cashmere goat,^[5] for fine Kashmiri cashmere wool^[6] or a synonym for cashmere wool.^[7]

The word pashm means "wool" in Persian, but in Kashmir, pashm referred to the raw unspun wool of domesticated Changthangi goats.^[8] In common parlance today, pashmina may refer either to the material or to the variant of the Kashmir shawl that is made from it.^[9] Both cashmere and pashmina come from the same goat but typical cashmere ranges from 12 to 21 microns in diameter, whereas pashmina can also refer to a cashmere and silk blend (70 % / 30 %) that has a typical fiber range from 12 to 16 microns.^[10]

^ "pashm". The Chambers Dictionary (9th ed.). Chambers. 2003. ISBN 0-550-10105-5.
^ "pashmina". Collins English Dictionary (13th ed.). HarperCollins. 2018. ISBN 978-0-008-28437-4.
^ "Definition of pashmina | Dictionary.com". www.dictionary.com. Retrieved 1 May 2022.
^ "pashmina". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (5th ed.). HarperCollins.
^ Janet Rizvi: Pashmina: The Kashmir Shawl and Beyond. Marg Foundation, 2009. ISBN 978-8185026909.
^ Robert R. Franck: Silk, Mohair, Cashmere and Other Luxury Fibres. Volume 19 of Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles, Elsevier Science, 2001. ISBN 978-1855735408. p. 142.
^ D B Shakyawar; A S M Raja; Ajay Kumar; P K Pareek; S A Wani (2013). "Pashmina fibre - Production, characteristics, utilisation". researchgate.net. Retrieved 7 September 2022.
^ Skarratt, Ben (August 2018). "From India to Europe: The Production of the Kashmir Shawl and the Spread of the Paisley Motif" (PDF). Global History of Capitalism Project.
^ "Pashmina". Cambridge English Dictionary. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
^ "Identification Guidelines for Shahtoosh and Pashmina" (PDF). US Fish and Wildlife Service: National Fish and Wildlife Forensics Laboratory, Ashland, Oregon. 2002. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 March 2020. Retrieved 27 March 2020.

[1] "pashm". The Chambers Dictionary (9th ed.). Chambers. 2003. ISBN 0-550-10105-5.

[2] "pashmina". Collins English Dictionary (13th ed.). HarperCollins. 2018. ISBN 978-0-008-28437-4.

[3] "Definition of pashmina | Dictionary.com". www.dictionary.com. Retrieved 1 May 2022.

[4] "pashmina". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (5th ed.). HarperCollins.

[Rizvi-5] Janet Rizvi: Pashmina: The Kashmir Shawl and Beyond. Marg Foundation, 2009. ISBN 978-8185026909.

[Franck-6] Robert R. Franck: Silk, Mohair, Cashmere and Other Luxury Fibres. Volume 19 of Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles, Elsevier Science, 2001. ISBN 978-1855735408. p. 142.

[Shakyawar-7] D B Shakyawar; A S M Raja; Ajay Kumar; P K Pareek; S A Wani (2013). "Pashmina fibre - Production, characteristics, utilisation". researchgate.net. Retrieved 7 September 2022.

[:1-8] Skarratt, Ben (August 2018). "From India to Europe: The Production of the Kashmir Shawl and the Spread of the Paisley Motif" (PDF). Global History of Capitalism Project.

[9] "Pashmina". Cambridge English Dictionary. Retrieved 31 March 2020.

[:8-10] "Identification Guidelines for Shahtoosh and Pashmina" (PDF). US Fish and Wildlife Service: National Fish and Wildlife Forensics Laboratory, Ashland, Oregon. 2002. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 March 2020. Retrieved 27 March 2020.

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