Persecution of Hazaras

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The Hazaras have long been the subjects of persecution in Afghanistan. The Hazaras are mostly from Afghanistan, primarily from the central regions of Afghanistan, known as Hazarajat. Significant communities of Hazara people also live in Quetta, Pakistan and in Mashad, Iran, as part of the Hazara and Afghan diasporas.

During the reign of Amir Abdur Rahman (1880–1901), millions of Hazaras were massacred, expelled, and displaced.^[1] half the population of Hazarajat were killed or fled to neighboring regions of Balochistan in British India^[2] and Khorasan in Iran.^[1] This led to Pashtuns and other groups occupying parts of Hazarajat. The Hazara people have also been the victims of massacres committed by the Taliban and al-Qaeda.

Conditions improved for the Hazaras in Afghanistan during the post-Taliban era. However, Hazaras who lived in the southern provinces of Afghanistan continued to face unofficial discrimination at the hands of Pashtuns.^[3]

Today (2021–present) due to widespread ethnic discrimination^[4][5][6] religious persecution^[7][8] , organized attacks by terrorist groups^[9]armed attacks by unknown groups^[10]harassment and arbitrary arrest of Hazara women and girls under various reasons^[11][12] Kidnapping, rape and torture of hazara girls and women in prison^[13][14] Land Grabbing^[15],Imposing deliberate economic restrictions and creating deliberate economic backwardness of Hazara regions^[16][17][18] and numerous cases of human rights violations against Hazaras have caused many Hazaras to be displaced and gradually forced to flee Afghanistan^[19][20]

Moreover, Hazaras in Afghanistan are still subjected to attacks by the Taliban, and a 2018 attack was committed in Malestan District in Hazara's homeland in central Afghanistan.^[21] Throughout the 2000s and early 2010s, Hazaras in Balochistan, Pakistan, faced attacks from militant groups like Lashkar-e-Jhangvi. In the mid-2010s, the security situation improved for Hazaras in Balochistan. However, the improved protection that resulted from the placement of walls and checkpoints around their city has also made their lives difficult.^[22]