Back راتينجية حمراء Arabic تنوب احمر ARZ Oskisk ATJ Qırmızı küknar Azerbaijani Елка чырвоная Byelorussian Червен смърч Bulgarian Picea rubens CEB Smrk červený Czech Amerikanische Rot-Fichte German Picea rubens Spanish
| Red spruce | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Gymnospermae |
| Division: | Pinophyta |
| Class: | Pinopsida |
| Order: | Pinales |
| Family: | Pinaceae |
| Genus: | Picea |
| Species: | P. rubens
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| Binomial name | |
| Picea rubens | |
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| Synonyms[2] | |
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Picea rubens, commonly known as red spruce, is a species of spruce native to eastern North America, ranging from eastern Quebec and Nova Scotia, west to the Adirondack Mountains and south through New England along the Appalachians to western North Carolina.[3][4][5] This species is also known as yellow spruce, West Virginia spruce, eastern spruce, and he-balsam.[6][7] Red spruce is the provincial tree of Nova Scotia.[4]
- ^ Farjon, A. (2013). "Picea rubens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42335A2973542. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42335A2973542.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ^ "Picea rubens Sarg.". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew – via The Plant List. Note that this website has been superseded by World Flora Online
- ^ Farjon, A. (1990). Pinaceae. Drawings and Descriptions of the Genera. Koeltz Scientific Books ISBN 3-87429-298-3.
- ^ a b Taylor, Ronald J. (1993). "Picea rubens". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 2. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- ^ Earle, Christopher J., ed. (2018). "Picea rubens". The Gymnosperm Database.
- ^ Blum, Barton M. (1990). "Picea rubens". In Burns, Russell M.; Honkala, Barbara H. (eds.). Conifers. Silvics of North America. Vol. 1. Washington, D.C.: United States Forest Service (USFS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) – via Southern Research Station.
- ^ Peattie, Donald Culross (1948-01-01). A Natural History of Trees of Eastern and Central North America. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 51. ISBN 0-395-58174-5.
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