Back سياسة إيران Arabic İranın dövlət quruluşu Azerbaijani Държавно устройство на Иран Bulgarian ইরানের রাজনীতি Bengali/Bangla Irans politik Danish Politisches System der Islamischen Republik Iran German Política de Irán Spanish سیاست در ایران Persian Politique en Iran French פוליטיקה של איראן HE
Islamic Republic Iran | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Legislative branch | |
| Name | Islamic Consultative Assembly |
| Type | Unicameral |
| Meeting place | Baharestan, Tehran |
| Presiding officer | Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, Speaker |
| Executive branch | |
| Head of government | |
| Title | President |
| Currently | Masoud Pezeshkian |
| Appointer | Direct popular vote |
| Head of state and government | |
| Title | Supreme Leader |
| Currently | Ali Khamenei |
| Appointer | Assembly of Experts |
| Cabinet | |
| Name | Cabinet of Iran |
| Current cabinet | Cabinet of Masoud Pezeshkian |
| Leader | President |
| Deputy leader | Vice President |
| Appointer | President |
| Headquarters | Presidential Administration of Iran, Sa'dabad Complex |
| Ministries | 19 |
| Judicial branch | |
| Name | Judicial system of the Islamic Republic of Iran |
| Courts | Courts of Iran |
| Supreme Court | |
| Chief judge | Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i |
| Seat | Courthouse of Tehran |
|
|---|
| Government of Iran |
The politics of Iran takes place in the framework of an Islamic theocracy which was formed following the overthrow of Iran's millennia-long monarchy by the 1979 Revolution. Iran's system of government (nezam) was described by Juan José Linz in 2000 as combining "the ideological bent of totalitarianism with the limited pluralism of authoritarianism",[1] although it "holds regular elections in which candidates who advocate different policies and incumbents are frequently defeated".[1] Iran was evaluated as an electoral autocracy for year 2024 by V-Dem Institute[2] according to Regimes of the World classification.[3]
The December 1979 constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, declares that Shia Islam is Iran's state religion (around 90–95% of Iranians associate themselves with the Shia branch of Islam),[4] and it combines elements of theocracy (Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist) with a presidential system in a religious democracy. Iran directly elects the president, parliament (Majles) and the Assembly of Experts. All candidates who run for these positions must be vetted by the Guardian Council (which disqualifies the overwhelming majority of the candidates) for their loyalty to the Islamic Republic's system of government.[5] Indirectly elected are the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Supreme Leader of Iran, and the Guardian Council, half of which is made up of Islamic jurists. In addition, there are representatives from appointed organizations, usually under the Supreme Leader's control, to "protect the state's Islamic character".[6] The Supreme Leader is the head of state, above the president.
- ^ a b Juan José Linz, Totalitarian and Authoritarian Regimes (Lynne Rienner, 2000), p. 36. Archived 2020-07-26 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ "Democracy Report 2025, 25 Years of Autocratization – Democracy Trumped?" (PDF). Retrieved 14 March 2025.
- ^ Lührmann, Anna; Tannenberg, Marcus; Lindberg, Staffan I. (19 March 2018). "Regimes of the World (RoW): Opening New Avenues for the Comparative Study of Political Regimes". Politics and Governance. 6 (1). Cogitatio: 60–77. doi:10.17645/pag.v6i1.1214. ISSN 2183-2463.
- ^ "The World Factbook". Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 20 February 2011. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
- ^ Muir, Jim (12 January 2000). "Khamenei's brother attacks reformist purge". BBC News. Retrieved 28 July 2009.
- ^ IRAN: POLITICS, THE MILITARY AND GULF SECURITY Archived 15 January 2010 at the Wayback Machine by Darius Bazargan, v.1, n.3, September 1997
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