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Names | |||
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Preferred IUPAC name
Propane-1,2-diol | |||
Other names
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Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol)
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ChEBI | |||
ChEMBL | |||
ChemSpider | |||
ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.307 | ||
EC Number |
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E number | E1520 (additional chemicals) | ||
KEGG | |||
PubChem CID
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RTECS number |
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UNII |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |||
C3H8O2 | |||
Molar mass | 76.095 g·mol−1 | ||
Appearance | colourless liquid | ||
Odor | odorless | ||
Density | 1.036 g/cm3 | ||
Melting point | −59 °C (−74 °F; 214 K) | ||
Boiling point | 188.2 °C (370.8 °F; 461.3 K) | ||
Miscible | |||
Solubility in ethanol | Miscible | ||
Solubility in diethyl ether | Miscible | ||
Solubility in acetone | Miscible | ||
Solubility in chloroform | Miscible | ||
log P | -1.34[2] | ||
Vapor pressure | 10.66 Pa (20 °C) | ||
Thermal conductivity | 0.34 W/m·K (50% H2O @ 90 °C (194 °F)) | ||
Viscosity | 0.042 Pa·s | ||
Thermochemistry | |||
Heat capacity (C)
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189.9 J/(mol·K) [3] | ||
Pharmacology | |||
QA16QA01 (WHO) | |||
Hazards | |||
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
Related compounds | |||
Related glycols
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Ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Propylene glycol (IUPAC name: propane-1,2-diol) is a viscous, colorless liquid. It is almost odorless and has a faintly sweet taste. Its chemical formula is CH3CH(OH)CH2OH. As it contains two alcohol groups, it is classed as a diol. An aliphatic diol may also be called a glycol. It is miscible with a broad range of solvents, including water, acetone, and chloroform. In general, glycols[6] are non-irritating and have very low volatility.[7]
It is produced on a large scale primarily for the production of polymers. In the European Union, it has E-number E1520 for food applications. For cosmetics and pharmacology, the number is E490. Propylene glycol is also present in propylene glycol alginate, which is known as E405. Propylene glycol is a compound which is GRAS (generally recognized as safe) by the US Food and Drug Administration under 21 CFR x184.1666, and is also approved by the FDA for certain uses as an indirect food additive. Propylene glycol is approved and used as a vehicle for topical, oral, and some intravenous pharmaceutical preparations in the U.S. and in Europe.
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